IRAN
524 BC – Mystery, lost Persian army of 50,000 Persian troops, lost in the Sahara
desert. Care2 news.
0000 – Jesus Christ was born and lived.
579 – King Chosroes of Persia died after a
48 year rein. Persian power from the Red Sea to the Oxus river. (ehistory
timeline).
1275 – Alamut fortress in Iran Persia.
Hasan Sabbah in 1090. In 1275. (Gods assassins ©2009 UK. G Baddeley. P Woods).
7th century – Iran has been
predominantly Muslim since the 7th century, officially Shiite for
the past few hundred years. They were never part of the Ottoman empire. (The
middle east ©2006 C Catherwood).
18 Nov 1727 – Tabriz earthquake, about
77,000 people were killed. Rapture Ready.
1853 – The Persian government t exiled
people (non Muslims), to Baghdad Iraq, then part of the Ottoman Empire.
(History Today. April 2013 UK).
1868 – Gertrude Bell was born in 1868 she
traveled to Iran Persia where her uncle was British minister in Tehran. During
the first world war she joined the Arab bureau based in Basra, she was area
spymaster and controlled among others the father of Kim Philby. (Empires
children ©2009 Anton Gill).
1877 – Interpol. Created in 1877 Iran’s
national police force, headed by the Commander in chief of the armed forces.
Border and crime fighting,
1908 – The discovery of oil. The first
strikes were made by the Anglo Persian oil company in 1908 in Iran. Winston
Churchill, the First Lord of the admiralty, ordered conversion of Royal Navy
ships to oil. (History Today. July 2014 UK p54).
1908 – The Anglo Iranian oil company
discovered the first major oil deposits in southwest Iran. Britain recognized
that oil from these vast fields would soon be critical to the Royal navy’s new
fleet of oil burning super combatants like the Dreadnought. The newly discovered
Persian oil fields would become crucial to the continued rule of the seas.
(Americas wars ©2003 Huchthausen).
31 Aug 1909 – Opium in Persia. Manawatu
Times NZ. Papers Past.
31 Aug 1909 – In Persia. Colonist NZ.
Papers Past.
31 Aug 1909 – Opium trade in Persia.
Wanganui Herald NZ. Papers Past.
31 Aug 1909 – Opium smoking in Persia.
Taranaki Herald NZ. Papers Past.
1921 – Rheza Khan ruled Iran.
1941 – British Soviet forces invade, son
Muhammed Reza Khan. Pahlavi was installed.
1941 – British and Soviet forces entered
Iran to secure an overland route for land lease supplies flowing to the Soviet
Union and to preempt German occupation of the vast Persian oil fields. The
British and Soviets jointly unseated Reza Shah Pahlavi and installed his 21
years old son Mohammad Reza Pahlavi instead. (America wars ©2003 P
Huchthausen).
1942 – Stalin delayed the withdrawl of
Soviet troops from northern Iran, where they had been stationed since 1942 as
part of a British Soviet deal to keep Iran’s oil supplies out of German hands.
(The cold war ©2005 JC Gaddis).
April 1943 – Rudi Hamburger GRU espionage
was arrested for espionage and sabotage by US security in Iran. Russian agents
were spying on British and US in Iran on behalf of the Red army. (Treachery C
Pincher ©2011 UK).
November 1943 – Roosevelt, Churchill and
Stalin were at a wartime summit in Tehran November 1943. (The cold war ©2005 JL
Gaddis).
1945 – During the Tehran conference in 1943
Churchill, Stalin and Roosevelt pledged formal support for Iran’s territorial
integrity and independence. Six months after the war ended the British and
Americans withdrew from southern Iraq and tried to establish a client state.
Soviet forces withdrew 1946. Iranian communist Terdeh party. (Americas wars
©2003 P Huchthausen).
1945-46 – In 1945 the communist Tudeh
party, working with the Soviet’s overthrew the central government in the
Azerbaijan and Kurdistan regions of Iran. The young Shah’s gendarmarie assisted
by US military advisors crushed this leftist uprising in 1946.
1946 – In spring 1946 Soviet troops
withdrew from northern Iran.(Cold war ©1993 M Walker).
1946 – Soviet occupation of northern Iran
to the UNSC early in 1946. Stalin ordered a quiet withdrawl from Iran several
months later. (The cold war ©2005 Gaddis).
Feb 1946 – Stalin agreed to withdraw Soviet
troops from northern Iran by Feb 1946. Preparations began for their
reinforcement along with the formation of a separate movement in the Iranian
province of Azerbaijan. (Cold war ©1993 M Walker).
1947-53 – Dr Robin Zaehner, was at the
British embassy in Tehran until 1947. Bribing the Persian press. He returned in
1951 for the Anglo American overthrow of the Mossadegh government in 1953. (The
hidden hand. Richard J Aldrich ©2001 UK).
4 Feb 1949 – A gunman tried to assassinate
the Shah of Iran. The Shah responded by outlawing the Tudeh party and
proclaiming martial law.
1951 – The Mossadeq government nationalized
British oil holdings. (Cold war ©1993 M Walker).
1951 – Iran’s PM Mohammed Mossadegh
nationalized the British petroleum company assets. CIA agent Kermit Roosevelt
plan to assassinate Mossadegh, the CIA replaced Mossadegh with the Shah. Kermit
Roosevelt was a CIA employee. (The secret history of the American empire. John
Perkins. ©2007 US).
1951-53 – SIS head of station in Iran
Christopher Monty Woodhouse arrived in Iran in 1951. He began a plot to
overthrow Mossadeq and return the Shah to power. In 1951 AIOC paid more taxes
in London than in Tehran. In April 1953 Allen Dulles director of CIA, gave $1 million
for American agents to overthrow Mossadeq. (Empire of secrets. Calder Walton
©2013).
1951-57 – 1950s Anglo Iranian oil company
AIOC, oil production in the region, one of the largest refineries in the world
in Abadan. AIOC was half owned by the British govt. In 1951 it made 100 million
profit. In May 1951 the Iranian PM Dr Mohammed Mossadeq nationalized AIOC.
Mossadeq was a rich land owner, who came to power after the assassination two
months earlier of his rival PM General Ali Razmera. (Empire of secrets. Calder
Walton ©2013).
22 March 1951 – Iran nationalized the oil
industry.
May 1951 – Mass rallies and a general
strike in the British owned oil industry organized by the outlawed Tudeh party,
the Shah appointed Mossadegh as PM. Mossadegh enacted an oil nationalization
law and appropriated the British Iranian oil company installations.
1952-53 – 12 June 1952 the Iranian Army
Chief of Staff warned that a coup by Tudeh was likely. US Ambassador was Loy
Henderson. Robin Zaehner was a UK covert specialist in Iran. The Rashidian
brothers were the main SIS agents in Iran. On 4 April 1953 Allen Dulles
provided $1 million for the fall of Mossadegh. (The hidden hand. Richard J
Aldrich ©2001 UK).
1952-53 – In July 1953 Eisenhower gave the
green light for Operation Boot also known as Operation Ajax, to overthrow
Mossadeq and install the Shah. 1952 meeting SIS and CIA officers John Bruce
Lockhart and Frank Wisner. Woodhouse. John Collins. Norman Darbyshire. George
Kennedy Young. Donald Wilbur. Kermit Roosevelt. General Norman Schwarzkopf.
(Empire of secrets. Calder Walton
©2013).
Nov 1952 – CIA clandestine service history,
overthrow of premier Mossadeq of Iran. Nov 1952-Aug 1953. March 1954. New York
Times April 2000. (Empire of secrets. Calder Walton ©2013).
1953 – Deak and company, a money changing
and private banking group was founded by Nicholas Deak, who served in the OSS,
the CIAs WW2. Deak assisted the CIA on several occasions. In 1953 he provided
untraceable cash for a covert operation in Iran. The overthrow of the PM
Mohammad Mosaddeq which enabled the Shah to return to power. Operation Ajax.
1953 – Of total arms sales nearly half of
$3.9 billion were going to Iran. When he
had first been put on the throne by the British in 1941 he was
regarded as a puppet by the British government and British oil company Anglo
Iranian (later BP), coming to power in 1951. Dr Mossadeq, who nationalized the
oil company and exiled the Shah. He was only reinstalled with the help of a
coup instigated by the CIA and British secret service, as his oil revenues
increased, he was becoming an increasingly important customer for arms. It was
Theodore Roosevelt who organized the coup which overthrew Mossadeq and restored
the Shah in 1953. (Arms bazaar ©1977 A Sampson).
1953 – Lockheed made use of the New York
firm Deak and company, which specialized in quietly transmitting currencies
abroad. It was set up by Nicholas Deak, a former Hungarian who had been an
officer of the OSS. The forerunner of the CIA, and it had 20 subsidiaries offices
overseas. Deak was believed to have been sometimes used by the CIA, to finance
the coup against Mossadeq in 1953. (Arms bazaar ©1977 A Sampson).
1953 – The Iranian army 120,000 troops.
1953 – The US used covert action to
overthrow the government of Iran, Mohammed Mossadegh a leftist. The Shah of
Iran was restored to power by the US. (Cold war ©2005 Gaddis).
1953 – When a Soviet backed coup threatened
the Shah in 1953, President Eisenhower authorized Operation Ajax to oust
Mohammad Mossadegh who had the support of the communist Tudeh party. The plan
was directed by Kermit Roosevelt of the CIA. The operation was a success and in
return the Shah gave American and British oil companies each 40% of the Iranian
oil consortium. (Americas wars ©2003 Huchthusen).
1953 – Donald Wilbar, a CIA officer who had
assisted in the Iran operations in 1953. (The hidden hand. Richard J Aldrich
©2001 UK).
1953 – 19 August 1953 there was street
fighting in which 300 people were killed. There was a tank battle near Mossadegh’s home. A team of five Americans
went to Iran to train members of a security service called SAVAK. (The hidden
hand. Richard J Aldrich ©2001 UK).
1953-54 – The US and UK intervened using
the CIA in covert political action to reverse the Iranian nationalization of
oil, broaden US commercial access, and overthrow the government of Mossadegh
and restore the Shah. (Compassionate peace ©1982 AFSC).
July Aug 1953 – SIS and CIA. Robert
Zaehner. Rashidian brothers. July 1953 Kermit Roosevelt. More than 300 Iranians
were killed in protests. On 22 Aug 1953 the Shah returned from Rome Itlay.
Security service SAVAK. Its chief used a wild bear to interrogate victims. BP
was used as a cover for SIS officers overseas. (Empire of secrets. Calder
Walton ©2013).
1954 – Iranian army officers, directly
assisted financially and logistically by the CIA, military troops, occupied
government offices and arrested Mossadegh, while crowds of CIA paid protesters
marched through Tehran in popular support for the shah against Mossadegh. The
Shah returned to Iran accompanied by Allen Dulles the director of the CIA and
Kermit Roosevelt, the agent who masterminded the coup to return him. Increasing
oil revenues, the Shah built a massive military establishment.
1956 – By 1956 the US navy was conducting
joint military operations with Iran. (American wars ©2003 Huchthausen).
1957 – In 1957, with the aid of the CIA and
Mossad, the National security organization SAVAK of Iran was formed. Brutal
tactics in the 1970s. From 1957 to 1963 opposition to the Shah increased and
many workers went on strike.
20 Feb 1960 – The US will sell Iran
sidewinder air to air missiles. Military basis for a proposed reply to the Shah
of Iran concerning his request for additional military assistance. Top secret
position paper. Digital national security archive.
1962 – Agence Reza Pahlavi, the main
financial front of the Shah of Iran, disbursed from account number 214895.20 of
the Union bank of Switzerland in Geneva, one million dollars in the account of
Mr Henry Luce in 1962. (Last days of America ©1981 Erdman).
12 April 1962 – The Shah of Iran and
Defence Secretary Robert McNamara. Iran wanted operational sidewinder missiles
for its F-86 fighter planes. Iran also wanted surface to air missiles SAMS to
defend its airfields. (William Bundy US Iran relations Secret memo of
conversation. digital national security archive).
1 Sept 1962 – 10,000 killed. Timeline of
earthquakes.
June 1963 – Revolutionaries led by Shiite
clergy developed into an open rallies and riots in 1963. The Shah put down the
clashes with brutal force. In June 1963 hundreds of protesters in the city of
Qom were killed. The unrest was instigated by the Ayatollah Khomeini, jailed
and exiled to France after the 1963 riots. Khomeini continued to fuel Iranian
dissent, sermons were smuggled into Iran on audio cassette tapes. (Americas
wars ©2003 Huchthausen).
July 1963 – There were mass demonstrations
by workers. In early June 1963 Ayatollah Khomeini openly denounced the Shah and
his policies. Then in a move the armed forces struck at protesters in Qom,
Tehran, Tabriz and Isfahan. Thousands of people were killed and Khomeini was
arrested and exiled to Iraq.
Late 1960s – The Shah of Iran opened the
Iran electronics industries IEI nuclear repair facility in Shiraz to the
Pakistanis. (Ann Tibbetts Schulz. San Francisco Westview Press 1989).
July 1966 – Washington sold the new
McDonnell Phantom fighters to Iran. The Shah then only seven months later made
a deal with Russia to buy $110 million in military equipment Feb 1967. (Arms
bazaar ©1977 Sampson).
31 Aug 1968 – 7.8 quake, thousands died
Dashte Bayaz 60,000 houses destroyed. Timeline of earthquakes.
1970s – Before the fall of the Shah of
Iran, BCCI owned 15% of Iran’s Arab bank based in Tehran.
Early 1970s – While building a
revolutionary movement in Iran. The exiled Ayatollah Khomeini actively supports
the PLO and al-Fatah brigades, funding and training militant groups in Syria
with Syrian aid on Syrian soil. Shiite muslim’s support the groups sunnis under
protection of a secular dictatorship.
10 April 1972 – 6.9 quake Fars 5,000
killed. Timeline of earthquakes.
16 Nov 1972 – As part of Operation Enhance
plus the US sold Iran air to surface missiles. The US allowed Iran to own
fighter planes they had previously leased. (TR Pickering, Top secret cable,
digital national security archive).
1973-77 – Joseph Farland successor in Iran
was Richard Helms, Helms was CIA director from June 1966 until Feb 1973. Helms
was forced out of the CIA in 1973 during Nixon’s second term. Helms picked
Ambassador to Iran and served until 1977 when he left the government.
1973-78 – Iran spent about $18 billion on
arms from the US, the single largest customer for US arms sales abroad at that
time. By 1978 about 500 US companies were operating in Iran. A large contingent
of military advisors about 45,000 American expatriates lived and worked in
Iran. The average native Iranians annual income was $2,750. The Shahs brother
in law accepted multi million dollar payoffs for help with contracts from the
Textron corp. The Shahs sister shams in 1976 was arrested in Switzerland with
$20 million of heroin in her car.
Feb 1973 – The Pentagon revealed that Iran
had contracted to buy $2 billion worth of weapons from the US, the biggest
single deal ever negotiated, it would include 175 jet fighters, 599 helicopters
and numbers of air to surface missiles.
22 Dec 1973 – The petroleum ministers of 6
middle eastern countries met in Tehran. Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the Shah of
Iran, OPEC. During the 2 months before this meeting, OPEC had doubled the price
of oil. OPEC quadrupling of the oil price. Causing one of the biggest transfers
of wealth in human history.
1974 – The US sells 78 F-14 fighter planes
and 200 Phoenix air to air missiles to Iran. (AP 29 March 1979 Lexis Nexis).
1975 – Bell helicopters delivered the first
300 16 seat helicopters to Iran in 1975, which 3 days later set a new record
for maximum altitude. Shah of Iran, a war lord, was fascinated by gadgets. (Arms bazaar ©1977 A Sampson).
22 Jan 1975 – The growing US involvement in
Iran. Secret report by the US Dept of Defence. Digital national security
archive.
9 May 1975 – Negotiations between Iran and
Hughes missile systems on co-production of the TOW and Maverick missiles are
strained over the pricing structure. Hughes set the costs for Iran at $20
million for the TOW and $26 million for the Maverick. (Sidney Soler your
meeting with the Shah at Blair house. Confidential memo to secretary of State
Kissinger. Digital national security archives).
8 Dec 1975 – The Iranian army made a $352.8
million order for an upgraded tracked version of the Rapier missile launcher
system. The British aircraft corp guided weapons division makes the Rapier and
the upgraded version consists of 8 missiles. The Iranian army also ordered the
American made M-548 tracked cargo carrier made by the PMC corp of California.
The M-548 are designed to carry missile.
8 Dec 1975 – Iran orders tacked version of
Rapier. Aviation week and space tech. Lexis nexis.
1976 – The Iranian army had more than
400,000 troops. By 1976 Iran imported 76% of the food products it consumed.
16 Sept 1978 – 7.7 quake 25,000 killed.
Timeline of earthquakes.
11 June 1981 – 1,500 killed. Timeline of
earthquakes.
17 Jan 1986 – US Pres Reagan made the
fateful decision to sell weapons directly to Iran. (Inside the NSC. ©1988 C
Menges).
1987 – Kuross A Samii. Involvement by
invitation, strategy of containment in Iran. Park Pennsylvania state uni press.
20 June 1990 – 50,000 killed 7.7 quake
Rapture Ready.
21 June 1990 – 50,000 killed 7.7 quake.
Timeline of earthquakes.
1992 – Louise Fawcett. Iran and the cold
war. The Azerbaijan crisis of 1946. New York Cambridge uni press.
May 1996 – N I Yegorova. The Iran crisis of
1944-46. A view from the Russian archives CWIHP working paper #15.
15 May 1996 – Soviet Tudeh party. Natalia I
Yegorova. The Iran crisis of`1945-46. Russian archives CWHIP white paper.
2001 – The 1953 coup in Iran. E Abrahamian.
Science and society JSTOR. These archives remain inaccessible, a century has
passed, the Pahlavi dynasty has fallen, the cold war has ended and most
participants have died.
2001 – The history of Iran. Elton L Daniel.
Westport CT Greenwood press. Worldcat database.
12 May 2003 – al Qaeda operatives in Iran
played a role in the 12 May 2003 suicide bombings in Saudi Arabia. 34 people,
including 8 Americans, were killed. (Chch Press NZ. 27 May 2003. AP Reuters)
23 Dec 2003 – Bam 30,000 killed 6.6 quake
Rapture Ready.
26 Dec 2003 – 6.8 quake Bam 30,000 were
killed (Aljazeera 15 Oct 2013).
26 Dec 2003 – Ban 26,000 dead quake
(Hindustan Times 2 April 2014).
26 Dec 2003 – 26,000 people killed Bam (ABC
Australia 6 Feb 2013).
23 July 2006 – Aid from Iran to Syria to
Lebanon medical and pharmaceutical drugs, planeloads 23 July 2006 IRNZ reports.
Red Crescent society. Iran’s charge d’affairs in Syria was Ghazanfar Roknabadi.
RFE/RL.
5 Aug 2006 – Ali Akbar Mohatashemi, former
Iranian ambassador to Syria and the founder of Hezbollah, Mohtashemi was one of
Ayatollah Khomeni’s students.
23 Oct 2009 – Andrea Stricker. A smugglers
use of the US financial system to receive illegal payments from Iran. ISIS
report. Institute for science and int security Washington.
13 Dec 2010 – Thai authorities, smugglers
arrested at airport from Iran. BBC London. Heroin and cocaine.
3 Dec 2011 – Iran police seize 584kg of
opium in southern Hormozgan region. BBC London.
11 Aug 2012 – 180 people killed 1,300
wounded twin quakes 6.4 and 6.3 Tabriz. (Aljazeera 15 Oct 2013).
11 Aug 2012 – Two powerful quakes killed
250 people and injured 2,000 Tabriz Ahar. (ABC Australia 6 Feb 2013).
11 Aug 2012 – 306 killed 6.3 quake Rapture
Ready.
9 April 2013 – 6.3 quake Bushehr killed 37
people. (Aljazeera 15 Oct 2013).
29 Aug 2014 – Meth replaces opium as the
drug of choice in Iran. Iran Times. Meth is also known as ice or crystal meth.
1 Sept 2014 – Six myths about the coup
against Iran’s Mossadegh. The National Interest. Documents, US State Dept Iran
1952-54. Newly declassified documents.
10 Sept 2014 – From the archives. Iran in
the 1960s. The Guardian blog. Ayatollah Khomeini exiled to Najaf in 1964.
Assassination of PNM Hassan Mansour a few months later.
21 Nov 2014 – Iran does nothing about
slavery. Iran Times int. Washington DC. Islamic republic.
20 Jan 2015 – Ignoring the news of Iran’s
evildoing. Benny Avni. New York Post.
24 Jan 2015 – Oil crisis mafia. Rehman
Malik. Geo TV Pakistan. London. Petroleum crisis mafia to sell Iranian oil.
