Australia 1700s and 1800s

AUSTRALIA  1700’s and 1800’s.

1770 – Captain Cook landed at Botany Bay Australia. (The people detective ©2001 T McGregor UK).

1787 - Transportation to Australia began in 1787. Prisons were dangerous places to be. (Practical family history August 2009) and (The people detective ©2001 T McGregor UK).

1787-1830 - Botany Bay. The first fleet of eleven ships led by the HMS Sirius left Portsmouth in May 1787 with 736 convicts, 188 of them women. From 1788-1810 1,000 people a year went from prison ships to Botany Bay. Between 1811 and 1830 many convicts were sent to Australia. Changes to the law said what was and was not a crime. (Convicts NZ M Wright ©2012).

1787 – 1861 – The first convicts were sent to Australia with the first fleet in 1787. Transportation ceased in 1861, but the sentence was only abolished twenty years later. Sentence of transportation. But they left a trail. (The people detective ©2001 T McGregor UK).

1787 – 1867 - Transportation registers HO11 for Australia. (Practical family history August 2009)

1788 – The British established their first settlement at Sydney in Southeastern Australia. (A brief history of the human race. Michael Cook ©2003 UK. ISBN 1-86207-687-1.)

1788 – 1842 – A list of convict arrivals in New South Wales. (Findmypast.com Australia. Practical family history August 2009)

1788-1850 – John S Levi and George FJ Bergman. Australian genesis. Jewish convicts and settlers 1788-1850 Hale 1974.

1788 – 1868 – More than 4,000 orphans were sent to Australia from workhouses in Ireland. Transport of convicts from Ireland to Australia 1788-1868 begining in 1791. All transport registers before 1836 were destroyed. (How to trace your Irish ancestors ©2008 Ian Maxwell UK).

1788-1900 – From 1788 to 1899 in NSW there were 2,112 deaths of “unknown” men women and children, half of these deaths were between 1880 and 1900. (Janet Reaker How to trace your missing ancestors ©2000 Australia).

January 1788 – A British fleet commanded by Captain Arthur Phillips of the Royal Navy, carrying officials and 579 convicts, guarded by marines, arrived in Botany Bay Australia. Discovered by Captain James Cook in 1770. (Family tree mag Sept 2010 UK)

January 1788 – Among the convicts on the first fleet, arriving in Botany Bay was Thomas Harwell. He was sentenced to seven years transportation, for stealing two small things. James Grace aged 11 and John Wisehammer aged 15. The youngest boy shipped to Botany Bay on the first fleet was John Hudson at nine years old. (Family skeletons ©2005 R Paley and S Fowler UK).

1791-1853 – Government assisted schemes such as the emigration of workhouse inmates to Australia from the UK. 5,000 adults were sent in 1847. Between 1791 and 1853 up to 50,000 convicts were transported from Ireland to Australia. (How to trace your Irish ancestors. ©2008 Ian Maxwell UK).

1797 – Australian sheep farming and merino sheep were bred there in 1797. (Knitting. Joanna MacDonald ©1962 UK).

1800s – Early 1800s, Goulburn Sydney was a garrison town, police patrols and highwaymen. A stockade for convicts, penal colony prison for 200 convicts. (Mr Asia. James Diamond Jim Shepherd ©2010 Australia).

1800-1806 – United Irish were shipped to Australia on 6 vessels which arrived between 1800 and 1806 prisoners on the “Minerva” in 1800. (The great shame Irish ©1998 Thomas Kenealy).

1801-1814 – Australian convicts. Charlotte Green was twice convicted in 1801 for burglary and sentenced to transportation for life. She landed in Sydney on the “HMS Glatton” in 1803. Convict to Sydney, Thomas Hyndes, convicted of highway robbery also sentenced to life. He could read and write. In 1806 Charlotte and Thomas were married in St Philips church by rev Samuel Marsden. Thomas was granted a pardon in 1912 and Charlotte in 1814. (Heritage NZ. Winter 2012 p5).

1803 – Sydney Australia “HMS Glatton” a convict ship. (NZ Heritage, winter 2012).

1804 – In 1804 Irish convicts rebelled against their captors west of Sydney, Vinegar Hill. Dozens of the convicts were hanged or sent to Norfolk island 1,000 miles off the NSW coast. (The great shame Irish ©1998 Thomas Kenealy).

1804 – Uprisings, the Castle Hill rebellion of Irish convicts, transported for their part in the Irish rebellion six years earlier. Executions. (Convicts NZ M Wright ©2012).

1806 – Charlotte Badger. Australian convict ship in 1806 she sailed to NZ to hide among Maori in the Bay of islands. (Law breakers mischief. ©2009 Bronwyn Sell).

September 1810 – In March 1810, 131 female convicts in the ship “Canada” from the UK for a long sea voyage. Six months at sea the “Canada” reached Botany Bay in Australia September 1810. (Practical family history. July 2003 UK).

Between 1815 and 1929 – 12,000 convicts were transported to Australia. (Practical family history. August 2009)

1815-1829 – From 1787, Between 1815 and 1829, 12,000 convicts were transported to Australia. (Family history. August 2009 p58).

25 April 1815 – Jacky Guard (male), was transported from England to NSW Australia, for a seven year sentence, for stealing a quilt. Sydney 25 April 1815 on the transport ship “Indefatigable”. In 1820 he went to sea on the “Lynx” sealing to southern oceans. (Trackless sea. ©2008 Megan Hutching).

1820 – There was no official Catholic church or priest in Australia until 1820. (Janet Reaker How to trace your missing ancestors. ©2000 Australia).

1821 – The female factory opened in 1821 at Parramatta, meant to house 300 women, it held 887 women and 405 children, corruption was rampant, orphans schools in Parramatta run by sisters of charity. Children taken by force from the women. (The great shame Irish ©1998 Thomas Kenealy).

1828 – 1899 - Workhouse inmates from the Channel islands, Jersey and Gernsey. 1,230 emigrants to Australia  (Practical family history. February 2010).

January 1828 – 194 female convicts on the “Elizabeth” arrived in Australia. (Australia family tree. Sept 2010)

1829-1831 – James Gilbert was master of the female convict ship “Edward” from Cork in 1829, In 1831 the “Edward” brought 153 male convicts from Cork to Sydney losing 5. (The great shame Irish ©1998 Thomas Kenealy).

1830 – The Armstrong’s came to the colony in the ship “Gilmore” and others came in the “Rockingham” with his mother Miss Leeder in 1830. Rockingham took its name from the ship. (Western pioneers ©1980 Australia JE Hammond).

1830-1835 – Australia in 1835 there were 7,103 floggings among 30,000 convicts in NSW. Floggings were ordered by a magistrate until the 1830s. (The great shame Irish ©1998 Thomas Kenealy).

1830-37 – In 1837 Mr Joseph Cooper and his father walked from Fremantle to Mandurah. They arrived in the colony in the ship “warrior”, in 1830 and spent the first seven years in Fremantle and the following ten years in Mandurah. (Western pioneers ©1980 JE Hammond).

1830-1851 – Gold was discovered outside Melbourne. Strzelecki and the other Polish explorers Lhotsky in 1830s. A boy in Melbourne in 1849 had 35 ounces of gold found in the bush. Gold was also found in June 1851 near Bathurst. (The great shame Irish ©1998 Thomas Kenealy).

1830-77 – About 12,500 convicts were locked in Tasmania during this time. (timeline internet).

1833 – In NSW in one month 2,000 out of 28,000 convicts were convicted and 9,000 lashes were ordered by magistrates in Tasmania. 1,250 convictions of 4,250 lashes ordered for 15,000 convicts.(Ironback resources.com).

1834 – In Sydney, sex slavery of women convicts by their masters was shocking, slavery in disguise. (The great shame Irish ©1998 Thomas Kenealy).

2 march 1834 – The “Permelia” to Sydney, convicts from Ireland. The “Fairlie” a larger ship with more than 300 English convicts had nearly arrived. The Sydney Gazette report said. (The great shame Irish ©1998 Thomas Kenealy).

1835 – 1897 – Burial and memorial inscription info for Victoria. (Findmypast.com Practical family history. August 2009).

July 1835 – The “Neva which left Cork in early 1835 with 150 Irish women convicts and over 50 of their children in July in Bass strait “Neva” struck a rock, all but 20 of the female convicts and all their 59 children were drowned. (The great shame Irish (C)1998 Thomas Kenealy).

1836 – Mr Edward Hamersley BA came out to Australia in the later months of 1836, he left the UK. His home “Pynton”, on the Swan just out from Guildford, had horses. (Western pioneers. ©1980 Australia JE Hammond).

March 1838 – The “Diamond” which has arrived from Cork with female convicts to NSW Australia. (The great shame Irish ©1998 Thomas Kenealy).

1839-1850 – Book MSU press USA. ISBN 9780870136238 American citizens, British slaves. Yankee political prisoners in an Australian penal colony 1839-1850. Cassandra Pybus and Hamish Maxwell Stewart. In 1840, 82 Americans were transported from Canada to a British penal colony in Tasmania. Political prisoners, penal transportation as a tool of political repression. 31 Oct 2002 Michigan state uni press.

1840 – Sydney to Otago NZ “Magnet” ship

July 1840 – William Anderson worked his way to South Australia as a ships carpenter. The ship reached South Australia in July 1840, the two men deserted. They stole peas from a shop and lived on them for 3 weeks and hid in the Adelaide hills.  William Anderson married 4 August 1821 and had 16 children. (Practical family history. July 2003 UK)

5 October 1840 – Immigrants on the “Champion” which left Liverpool on 5 May 1840 and arrived in Sydney on 5 October 1840 with assisted immigrants. (Australia family tree. Sept 2010)

1847 – Mr Cooper senior built the flour mill on the shore of the estuary at Mandurah. He was killed at Clarence just as the work was completed. Coopers two sons carried on the work of the mill. (Western pioneers. ©1980 JE Hammond).

1847-1885 – NSW Australia registers of police employees. (NZ society of genealogists inc. Nov-Dec 2011 p252).

1848 – The earliest electoral roles for NSW were completed in 1848. The right to vote was restricted, only male property owners and rich men were allowed to vote.  (Janet Reaker. How to trace your missing ancestors. ©2000 Australia).

5 July 1848 – The Sydney Morning Herald said of the now 220,000 settlers in Australia, 80,000 were female. (The great shame Irish (C)1998 Thomas Keneally).

1849-1850 – Worthy of reclamation index to probationary convicts to Sydney and Morton bay. Australian genealogical education centre Kiama council Australia.

1849-1914 – In 1849 letters from the UK to Australia took up to 5 months to arrive, even in 1914 the London to Sydney post took a month. (Family history monthly. March 2004 p18-19).

1850 – Built be convicts in 1850, Fremantle prison was condemned as a health risk just a few years after it was built in 1850. (Brothers. Antonio Buti ©2011 Aust).

1850 – Ronald Parsons. Ships of Aust and NZ before 1850 parts 1 & 2 Parsons South Aust 1983.

1850 – During the convict period from 1850 to 1863. (Western pioneers. ©1980 JE Hammond).

1851 – William Samuel Southgate was born in Williamston Vic Australia.

1852-1899 – The public record office of Victoria has a database of emigrants between 1852 and 1899 when they arrived and the ship they were on. (Family history monthly. August 2003 p62).

1852-1923 – Passenger lists Victoria Australia outwards to New Zealand. Gold miners moving. A CD Trade me $30 ISBN 9781877217517

1853 – 1852 a labor shortage in the Australian colonies immigrants were rushing to the gold fields. One of several McKenzie families from Morefield Scotland. William McKenzie aged 36, his wife Mary, married early in 1853. Ullapool Scotland emigrants. They had a daughte,r Isabella born during the voyage to Hobart Australia. (Migration. Rod Edmond ©2013 NZ).

1854 – Elizabeth Jane Southgate was born in Williamston Vic Australia.

1855 – Edward Hammond. Hardgraves Australia and its gold fields. London . H Ingram and co.

1856-1862 – Martin Cash, convict, policeman and brothel keeper moved to NZ from Hobart Australia in 1856. In 1860 he was in Christchurch NZ as a constable in the Canterbury province armed police force, which he joined in 1859. His main line of work was brothel keeping. His identity and activities were eventually investigated, in march 1860 Cash was sacked and fined for keeping a brothel. Many others like him moved to NZ after the decline of the Australian goldfields. Cash retuned to NZ by December 1862 he continued operation of several brothels in Christchurch NZ red light district and Salisbury st including the Red house. Moved to the Otago gold fields then returned to Christchurch NZ. (p35 A peoples history. ©1992 NZ).

1857 – Victoria and the Australian gold mining in 1857. By William Westgarth. London Smith Elder and co Cornwill.

1858 – 250 Chinese migrants to Australia on the “St Paul” from Hong Kong. Shipwrecked on New Guinea. (Asia making of NZ. H Johnson B Moloughney).

1858-1895 – James John would have been 2 and a half years old at the census in June 1841. On 16 December 1845 William married a second wife, Mary Ann Dunford. They lived in Helston UK. Mary Ann her step son, James John aged 19, her three other children took off to Australia on the “Stamboul” They arrived in Adelaide on 1 February 1858. The Australian gold rush of 1851 Ballarat mining from Cornwall. William died 12 June 1895 Salisbury Adelaide St Johns cemetery.

16 Jan 1859 – Adelaide Pryor, female was born in Adelaide SA Australia.

1860 – Natives of Vanuatu were kidnapped to work on sugar and cotton plantations in Queensland Australia and Fiji (8 July 2011).

1861 – Melbourne to Port Chalmers Otago NZ “Oscar” ship.

1862 –68 – The year of the great flood in Perth 1862 The William street jetty was submerged in the flood for several days. Pinjarra people 1862 after the floods no food could be transported from Perth or Fremantle. Boiled wheat or potatoes were used instead of bread. They went to Perth in 1868 in a bullock wagon owned and driven by Mr Key. Workmen on the lead mines were Cornishmen who could sing well. Narra Tarra lead mines. (Western pioneers. ©1980 Australia JE Hammond).

1862 – 1869 – When the Duke of Edinburgh visited western Australia about 1869 a group of Pinjarra volunteers went to Perth for his reception. The Pinjarra volunteer force began in 1862 and existed for 20 years the author’s family was a member of the force. (Western pioneers. ©1980 Australia JE Hammond).

1863-1870 – Six Americans prospected Keysbrook for gold and found some on Mr Key’s property and in Drakesbrook three miles near Serpentine. Men who forced the Wanless company who got a concession for cutting and exporting timber from Jarrahdale about 1869-70. (Western pioneers. ©1980 Australia JE Hammond).

1863-1879 – Mary Anne Warner. Passenger lists for ships that arrived in Sydney between 1863 and 1879. More than 5,500 have been indexed. (Family history monthly. August 2003 p62).

1863 – 1904 – Queensland historical atlas exploitation. Between 1863 and 1904 62,000 south seas islanders were brought to Australia to work in the sugar industry. Several ports on the eastern coast. (Sugar slaves by Imelda Miller ©22 October 2010).

March 1863 – Mr A Raper city of Hobart to Otago NZ. (Public records office Victoria Aust )(15 July 2013).

21 May 1865 – Sarah Williams was born in NSW Australia.

12 Dec 1867 – Murder of gold escort in Queensland. Wanganui Herald NZ.

1868 – The last shipload of Irish convicts arrived in western Australia. (The great shame Irish ©1998 Thomas Kenealy).

1869-1947 – South Australian police gazette index compendium. Info on police, criminals and victims of crime. (Australian family tree connections. Sept 2010 p44).

1870 – Messrs Franck and Edward Wittenoom went to the Mirchison in 1870 and took up farming. Their station was the largest in the colony in those days. They had to transport their wool and supplies about 200 miles. (Western pioneers. ©1980 Australia JE Hammond).

1870-1877 – Martin Cash autobiography by James Lester Burke published in 1870 The adventures of Martin Cash. He died on 27 august 1877 in Tasmania Australia. (p35 A peoples history. ©1992 NZ).

1871 – Charles John Mangan was born in Melbourne Victoria Australia.

1871-89 – Mr Vernon Hamersley, a son of Samuel R Hamersley was born at Guildford in 1871. He started farming at York in 1889. When gold was discovered he spent time prospecting then returned to York He had a seat in parliament and was a member of the WA Historical society. (Western pioneers. ©1980 Australia JE Hammond).

1872 – The author saw William Leeder in William street jetty in 1872 when he left western Australia for Adelaide. (Western pioneers. ©1980 Australia JE Hammond).

1873-75 – Hardship, John Evett Hammond and the Clarkson party near the Gasconyne  river in 1874. March 1875 Geraldton Joseph Clarkson went to the north west in 1873 just after the floods in Perth. Began pearling with native divers. Brought a schooner. He built buildings with money he earned in the pearling industry in 1874. (Western pioneers. ©1980 Australia JE Hammond).

1874 – Melbourne to Otago New Zealand “Alhambra” ship.

1874 – The first Italian consul in Australia Giuseppe Biagi in Melbourne in 1874. Liugi Marinucci in 1874. (Alan Poletti).

25 July 1874 – “Gipsy” did not arrive in Eden after leaving Sydney on 25 July 1874. No trace of the ship or crew was ever found. (Australia family tree. Sept 2010)

1877 – Mr C Buggins and the author went to Mt Erin to assist in building additions to a station at Mt Erin 32 miles north of Geraldton about 30,000 acres. In later years the government brought Mt Erin for sub divisions. (Western pioneers. ©1980 Australia JE Hammond).

1879 – Ship “Marpesia” From Liverpool to Melbourne. (Australia family tree. Sept 2010)

1879 – Winnifred Moore was born in Melbourne Vic Australia.

1879 – 1906 – About 60,000 South Sea Islanders were brought to Queensland by Blackbirders to be slaves on sugar plantations. Sugar cane farmers seeks recognition for buried slaves. The Queensland sugar industry was built on slavery. (7 December 2012 ABC net au Tony Eastley).

11 March 1879 – In the 1870’s the south Australian government imported two hopper barges, the “Kadina” and the “Goolwa” from Scotland. The “Goolwa” 139 tons built in Glasgow. Its master was Captain Finch. The “Goolwa” left Glasgow on 8 August 1878.made port in Adelaide on 11 March 1879. (Western pioneer. ©1980 JE Hammond).

3 Sept 1883 – Assisted immigration. The “Assaye” from England to Sydney 3 Sept 1883. Under quarantine due to whooping cough outbreak, not released until 8 Sept 1883. (Australia family tree. Sept 2010)

14 Feb 1884 – Ship left Plymouth England for Australia “Chyebassa” owned by the British India steam navigation company. (Australia family tree. Sept 2010)

1885 – The first discovery of gold in Kimberley region north, diggers at goldfields. The Perth mint. (Brothers. Antonio Buti ©2011 Aust).

1886 – Victorian shipping index Melbourne the ship “Iberia” (Australian family tree. Sept 2010)

1887 – The annual report of the south Australian welfare department contains info on orphanages or children homes that were operating each year. The department library has reports dating back to 1887. (Janet Reaker How to trace your missing ancestors. ©2000 Australia).

15 March 1889 – Sydney ship “Ormuz” Immigrants went to the sugar cane industry in Nerang Berowa area of Queensland. (Australia family tree. Sept 2010)

1890s – Fraud is more common at times of speculation on the stock exchange, such as investments on the west Australian gold mines of the 1890s. (Family skeletons. ©2005 UK).

18 March 1891 – Opium in Australia. Auckland Star NZ. Papers Past.

8 Dec 1891 – Opium in Australia. Ashburton Guardian NZ. Papers Past.

1892 – Donald Fraser was born in Queensland in 1892. In 1914 Fraser was charged with a sex assault on a teenage girl in NZ. On 17 Nov 1933 in Christchurch, Riccarton NZ unsolved murder. (Shot in the dark. Scott Bainbridge ©2010 NZ).

17 September 1894 – Raper. Sydney to NZ. (NZ immigration passenger lists 1855-1973) (15 July 2013).

26 October 1894 – Raper. Sydney to NZ. (NZ immigration passenger lists)

1 November 1894 – Raper. Ship “Tasmania” Sydney. British born 1849 aged 45 female. Auckland NZ. (14 July 2013).

12 June 1895 – William Pryor died in Salisbury Adelaide SA Aust.

Coal and ore miners came from many depressed parts of England, notably Cornwall. During the first 30 years of Victoria’s rule Australia and NZ received one million migrants from the UK. By 1869 the colonial commissioners had assisted more than 300,000 UK citizens to emigrate mainly to Australia. In the year gold was discovered in Australia 1852. The use of a penalty to transport was revived in 1788 upon the founding of a penal colony in Australia. The Fry fleet of ships left Portsmouth for Botany bay with 1,493 passengers, including 586 males and 192 females, convicts. For the first 50 years of the new colony’s history about 40% of population were convicts. (Oxford guide to family history David Hey ©1993 p98)

Official UK statistics record only 485 migrants to Australia and NZ in 1825, then a rise to 32,625 in 1841. Between 1825 and 1851 222,955 British people emigrated voluntarily to Australia and NZ. Australia’s fortunes were built on sheep farmers and the lure of gold. By 1851 its population was 437,665. By 1858 the population reached one million. By 1877 it was two million and by 1889 it passed three million. 612,531 Australians who in 1861 were recorded as born in the UK. Records of convict ships 1788-1842. Lists of convicts 1788-1820 the registration of births marriages and deaths in Australia began between 1841 and 1856. The census returns were destroyed in Australia. (Oxford guide to family history David Hey ©1993).

New Zealand 1300 to 1939

NEW ZEALAND 1800s

No date – Find your family on the internet. Ros Henry. A NZ guide. ISBN 1-877361-09-7.

1350 – Maori ancestors arrived in New Zealand on seven canoes from Hawaiki. The mother island of east Polynesians. First ancestors of Maori came from Hawaikki.

15^th century – The records of Maori in the memory of the Tohungas, was handed down from generation to generation. This dates their landing in NZ at the beginning of the 15^th century. (Canterbury old and new. Whitcombe and Tombs ltd).

1617 – Transportation of poor children or orphans to Australia, Canada and New Zealand began in 1617. (The peoples detective. Tom McGregor UK).

1640-1846 – Pakeha presence, British in the 1640s. By 1840 NZ was annexed by the UK, there were 7,000 British traders, whalers and settlers before 1846. (Family history monthly. August 2003 p74).

1642 - NZ was first visited by Europeans in the reign of King Charles 1. In 1642 by a Dutch explorer named Abel Jansen Tasman. (Canterbury old and new 1850-1900. Whitcombe and Tombs ltd).

1717 – The Alpine fault in the South island an 8 quake. The last one was in 1717. (Chch Star NZ. 7 Jan 2015).

1769-1779 – Captain Cook in 1769, more than 100 years after the visit by Tasman. Hawaii where captain Cook died in 1779. (Canterbury old and new. Whitcombe and Tombs ltd).

1769-1869 – A people’s history. Dept internal affairs. From the dictionary of NZ biography vol 1 ©1992 ISBN 0-908912-20-x.

Oct 1769 – Europeans arrived on the Endeavour with canons and muskets. (Asia making of NZ. H Johnson B Moloughney)

1787-1968 – About 60,000 ships sailed in Australian and New Zealand waters between 1787 and 1968. Website run by Peter Larson. (Family history monthly. August 2003 p62).

1790’s – New Zealand was settled by whalers and traders. First free settlers arrived in Australia. (The people detective. ©2001 T McGregor UK).

1792-1859 – NZ trade with China dates back to 1792 with a shipment of sealskins. China was still a market for NZ exports when the first trade meeting was published in 1859. (Asia making of NZ. H Johnson B Moloughney).

1796-1852 – James Cook explored NZ on the Endeavour in 1796. New Zealand was under New South Wales Australia until it became a British colony in 1840. Fencible soldiers and families arrived between 1847 and 1852 Irish settlers with pensions from the British army, escaped the great famine in Ireland, they were given free passage for their families. (How to trace your Irish ancestors. ©2008 Ian Maxwell UK)

July 1796 – Charlotte Badger, one of the first two pakeha women to live in NZ. In July 1796 she was sentenced to seven years transportation to Australia, exile for life. (Convicts NZ. M.Wright ©2012).

1800-1945 - Settlers New Zealand immigrants from England, Ireland and Scotland by Hearn Terry Phillips Jock. ISBN 1869404017 Publication date 1/4/2008 Trade me $40.

1806 – First British women arrived in New Zealand. (Timeline NZ internet).

1810-1814 – In 1814 John Lidiard Nicholes who sailed on the “Active” to the Bay of Islands. Met a Lascar who had jumped ship from the ‘City of Edinburgh’ in 1810 who lived with the Maoris, runaway Lascars from India. (Asia making of NZ. H Johnson B Moloughney).

1815 – Thomas Holloway King became the first British child born in New Zealand. (NZ in history. internet).

1815 – The chief at Waimate was Horomona Pobie. Born at Waimate in 1815, he died there and was buried in the cemetery with a fine tombstone. (Canterbury old and new. Whitcome and Tombs ltd).

1820’s – Whaling stations began up the East Coast of the South Island, in Marlborough, on Cook Strait and the Kapiti coast, Hawkes Bay and East Cape in the 1820’s. Whale oil was in demand for lighting and heating, soap and tanning leather. (Trackless sea. ©2008 Megan Hutching).

1820-1839 – History of the Jews in New Zealand. As early as 1820s Jewish traders were among the groups of whalers, mariners, escaped convicts from Australia and missionaries who explored New Zealand. Solomon and Bevan Levy, cabinet makers, arrived on the ship “Oriental” in 1839. Wikipedia.

1823-1846 – Maori warrior Te Rauparaham had with allied tribes from North Taranaki settled in Kapati in 1823, at Taupo Pa. Te Rauparaha was arrested in July 1846. (NZ Memories. Feb March 2014).

1825-26 – In 1825 the first NZ association was formed in London UK. The ship “Rosanna” convey settlers here. Captain Herd arrived in Hauraki Gulf in 1826. (Canterbury old and new. 1850-1900 Whitcombe & Tombs ltd).

1830 – A permanent whaling station was established at Te Awaiti on Cook strait. Also in 1830 Otakou shore whaling station was built in Otago harbour. (NZ a short history. Laurie Barber ©1989).

1830-1840 – In 1830 there had been no more than 300 to 330 Europeans living in NZ. By 1840 the number increased to 2,000. Most came to stay. Most came from New South Wales Australia. In 1840 the year the Treaty was signed Maori outnumbered Pakeha in NZ by ten to one. (The story of NZ. J Bassett. K Sinclair. M Sienson ©1985).

17 July 1831 – Horrible cannibalism in NZ. The Observer 1791-1900 London UK.

1 October 1831 - John Guard was the second European child born in the South Island. (Trackless sea. ©2008 Megan Hutching).

1835 – The “Friendship” ship as wrecked at Norfolk island, prisoners. Norfolk was a Penal Colony at that time, from Sydney NSW 1835. (Trackless sea. ©2008 Megan Hutching).

1835-40 – Alexander McKenzie 1835 ?-1840 (Migration. Rod Edmond ©2013 NZ).

21 December 1835 - HMS Beagle sailed to Bay of Islands NZ (Timeline internet).

27 Dec 1837 – Colonization of NZ. The Manchester Guardian 1828-1900 UK.

1839 – The NZ company arrived in Lambton harbour, named it Wellington. (p7 colonial capital Wellington 1865-1910. Terence Hodgson ©1990).

1839 – There were only 2,000 white Europeans in Aotearoa NZ and 114,000 Maori. (NZ a short history. Laurie Barber ©1989).

1839 – After the British voted to abolish the slave trade, the NZ missionaries, the Reverend Brumby bought 20 slaves to Wellington, to return to their Maori families. (NZ genealogist May June 2011)

July 1839 – March 1840 – The “Adelaide” with Hunt A Baker from Feoch in Cornwall, arrived in port Nicholson and the “Glenbervie”. These two ships were the last of six ships to reach Petone New Zealand. (Trackless sea. ©2008 Megan Hutching)

1840 – M N Watt. Index to the NZ section of the register of all British ships 1840-1950. NZ ship and marine society Wellington 1961.

1840 – Auckland maritime museum. Ancestors who came to NZ from the UK by ship from 1840’s onwards. The museum holds lists of ships passengers. Poor immigrants. Museums of all kinds in every town. (p64 Writing your family history. A NZ guide. Joan Rosier Jones ©1997).

1840 – Ship the “Magnet” from Sydney to Otago.

1840 – Hugh and Lyn Hughes discharged in NZ. Soldiers of the Imperial foot regiments who took their discharge in NZ 1840-1870 NZGE Auckland 1988.

1840’s – Most of the early NZ leaders were young. Few old people could stand the long sea voyage. The longest route for migrants in the world, of several months. (The story of NZ. Bassett Sinclair Stenson ©1985).

1840s to 1850s – Florence Rebecca Bensemann was born on 27 Jan 1877. All her grandparents emigrated from northern Germany to NZ, to Nelson and spoke German. (NZ Memories June July 2014).

1840-1870 – The Smith Nairn commission reports, from the 1870s. The department of lands and surveys had these documents. Maori lands in the 1840s, 50s and 60s in the South island. Settlements, the legal personality of the group or person, you have signed, but have been ignored. Recognise the legal personality with who you are dealing. Dehumanising tactics. (The Bolger years. Margaret Clark ©2008 NZ)_.

1840-1900 - NZ birth records from early newspapers CD extracted from newspapers (Trade me $40).

1840-1902 - Henry Brett. White wings Immigrant ships to NZ. Ed Cyril Bradwell Reed Wellington NZ 1984.

1840-1960 – Between 1840 and 1860, 40,000 British emigrated to New Zealand by assisted passage. From 1890 to 1960 British emigration is found in passenger lists and national archives. (Family tree. Dec 2009 p20).

4 Feb 1840 – Henry Williams and his son Edward translated the Treaty of Waitangi into Maori. (NZ a short history. Laurie Barber ©1989).

12 Feb 1840 – The “Bengal Merchant” Captain Henley carried 120 passengers to NZ arrived on 12 Feb 1840, after a voyage of 104 days. Three other ships the “Ariel”, “Aurora” and “Roxburgh” early settlers. (Canterbury old and new 1850-1900. Whitcombe & Tombes ltd).

18 Apr 1840 – The first newspaper published in NZ was the NZ Gazette. (Tracing family history in NZ. Anne Bromell).

1841 – The McKenzie family name was recorded as MacKenzie in the 1841 census but not elsewhere. (Migrations. Rod Edmond NZ ©2013).

1841 – The “Blenheim” arrived in NZ. Captain Sinclair. In 1841 John Hay arrived on the “Mandarin”. (Canterbury old and new 1850-1900. Whitcombe & Tombes ltd).

1841-1842 – The voyage to NZ took four months, or longer if the ship struck bad weather. It was crowded and uncomfortable, fresh food was scarce and illness a constant worry. No fresh water for washing. For example the ship “Lloyds”, which sailed for Nelson in 1842, 65 children died during the voyage. 8 died from whooping cough, the rest died from malnutrition, diarrhea and neglect. Small bodies were buried at sea and were a common sight. (The story of NZ. Bassett Sinclair Stenson ©1985).

1842 – Old colonists jubilee Auckland NZ 1842 –92.

1842 – Thomas Cole was born in Auckland NZ.

1842 – The Parkhurst boys sent to Auckland from a British jail in 1842. (Convicts NZ. M Wright ©2012).

1842 - 43 - Convicts were sent to New Zealand. On the “St George”, 92 boys arrived in Auckland on 25 October 1842 ,and the “Mandarin” with 31 boys on 14 November 1843. Boys aged between 12 and 16 sentenced to prison, convicts.

1842-62 - NZ Jury lists. (NZ genealogist March April 2011).

9 January 1842 – Juliette Daniell was born in Wellington. Her father Edward Daniell was from a large Cornish family with property called Trelissick which was sold. Corwall UK and settlements in New Zealand. (Trackless sea. ©2008 Megan Hutching).

7 March 1842 – Hanging of Maketu in Auckland. The first person to be executed in NZ. Guilty of murder in November 1841. (NZ crime timeline).

October 1842 – Ship “St George” Auckland. 92 convicts boys aged 12 to 19 years from Parkhurst prison on the Isle of Wight. (Find your family on the internet. Ros Henry a NZ guide no date).

1843 – Aliens naturalised in NZ 1843 – 1916. BAB Microfilming 4 Kathryn ave Auckland. ph: 09-625 9778.

1843 – Newspaper, Daily Southern Cross Auckland 1843-76. Did this newspaper change its name to the NZ Herald?

November 1843 – Parkhurst prison on the Isle of Wight. A second group of 31 convict boys arrived on the “Mandarin”. (Find your family on the internet. Ros Henry a NZ guide no date).

1844-1939 – John Jackson, the second Chinese immigrant arrived in 1844, went to Palmerston North in 1870. More Chinese arrived in Palmerston North in the mid 1870s. Ex miners from Guangzhou, Canton. In 1939 Chinese refugees moved into NZ. (Heritage NZ. Winter 2012 p13).

Jan 1844 – Tom White, an American whaler who lived in Port Levy, later in Pigeon bay. (Canterbury old and new 1850-1900. Whitcombe & Tombes ltd).

1845 – H G Longley. The NZ wars 1845-1866 2 vols. Wellington 1967 navy 1972 army.

1845-1875 – More gold was found than in the whole previous 350 years. California in the late 1840’s. Australia in the 1850’s. New Zealand in the 1860’s and 70’s. (Costly gold. JS & RW Murray. Clutha riches and their human toll. Reed publishers).

7 May 1846 – Devastating landslide at Lake Taupo killing about 60 people. (NZ disasters. timeline internet).

1847-48 – Clementina Burns was wife of Rev Dr Thomas Burns, pioneer Presbyterian minister and coloniser of Otago. Scotland 1842 “New Edinburgh” as Dunedin was first named sail on the Philip Laing 27 November 1847. The Philip Laing arrived in Port Chalmers on15 April 1848, about three weeks after the arrival of its sister ship the John Wycliffe. In June the Burns family went to live in their half built house in Dunedin, near Princess street at the intersection of Jetty street. Arthur, son, started farming on land his father chose at Andersons bay. (Petticoat pioneers. ©1980 B Harper).

1847-1850 – The first police magistrate used armed police to collect the census info. In 1847 police magistrates were abolished, but the armed police continued going door to door, under the Superintendant of resident magistrates, as late as 1850 it was their beat. (NZ genealogist May June 2011).

1847-1851 Arrived in NZ in 1851 on the “Cornwall” John Mackenzie emigrated to Australia 1845 and 1847 left Australia for NZ. (Canterbury old and new 1850-1900. Whitcombe & Tombes ltd).

1848 – Severe earthquake in Wellington. Otago settlement founded. (Tracing family history in NZ. Anne Bromell ©1996).

1848 – Presbyterian minister, Biography first church of Otago 1848-1920 archives Presbyterian.org.nz (Find your family on the internet. Ros Henry).

1848 – In NZ the registration of UK births and deaths began in 1848. Marriages are registered for 1854 onwards. Before these dates vital events were recorded in parish registers. (Oxford guide to family history. David Hey ©1993).

1848 – Samuel Finch was born in Milton Otago New Zealand.

1848-49 – In Dunedin and Christchurch the new settlers stayed in special barracks, until they were ready to build their own houses. 1849 Dunedin making damper bread. Landing of the first Otago immigrants in 1848. (The story of NZ. Bassett Sinclair Stenson ©1985).

1848-53 – Christchurch began in 1848. On 1 Sept 1850 the first emigrants, the Canterbury pilgrims arrived. Three days later four ships with 800 passengers left Gravesend for NZ, Lyttelton in December. By the first year of Christchurch, 19 ships and 3,000 immigrants arrived in Lyttelton. James Edward Fitzgerald was the migration agent for the Canterbury association in London. He founded the Press newspaper and was the first Superintendant in July 1853. (History Today. May 2014 UK).

1848-1855 – Earthquakes in 1848 and 1855 destroyed the Fort and only the foundations remain. The Fort was built by troops from Sydney during the Hutt war. Plimmerton area. Fort Paremata or Taupo Pa. (NZ Memories. Feb March 2014).

1848 & 1855 – Two earthquakes in Wellington 1848 and 1855. (Colonial capital Wellington 1865-1910 Terence Hodgson ©1990).

1848-1859 – Settlement of Otago began in 1848. Arrival of the John Wyckliffe and the Phillip Laing. Dunedin was by 1859 a town of 2,262 inhabitants. (NZ a short history. Laurie Barber ©1989).

1848-1898 – NZ in 1848 the colonial office began to collect details of births, deaths and marriage registration. ACT 1854 established a registry of marriages. Divorce in NZ was begun in 1867. The 1898 NZ six pence stamp with a kiwi. (Family tree. Dec 2009 p19-20).

Jan 1848 – Emily McNamara was born in Liverpool, she went to NZ on the “Clifton” in Jan 1848, with her parents, John McNamara a Fencible and his wife Mary (nee Drayton) retired soldiers from the UK.

June 1848 – The chiefs and people of the Ngai Tahu met at Akaroa and sold to the NZ company, lands from Kaiapoi to Port Chalmers. (Canterbury old and new. Whitcombe and Tombs ltd).

17 June 1848 – Joseph Burns was hanged on the site of the murders. The first pakeha convicted of murder in NZ. (Law breakers mischief. ©2009 Bronwyn Sell).

17 June 1848 – Hanging of Joseph Burns, Devonport Auckland. The first European to be hanged in NZ under British law. He was convicted of murder. (NZ crime timeline).

October 1848 – The earthquakes of October 1848. The first quake was big and caused much damage in Wellington. Many brick buildings were damaged and half of the chimneys fell down. The Wesleyan chapel, the jail and other public buildings were badly damaged. Frightening aftershocks. Then on 17 October 1848 there was another sharp quake. The Wellington Independent described it, several buildings fell down and two children were killed by falling bricks. (Trackless sea. ©2008 Megan Hutching)

1849 – “Ajax” London UK to Otago NZ ship.

1850s and 1860s – Jessie Finnie was one of a large number of, so called prostitutes, in Auckland NZ. Constable Thomas Powley of Auckalnd province. armed police, was a regular visitor at the brothels. Most of the Auckland brothels were in Chancery st. Early sex slavery in NZ. (A peoples history. ©1992 p71 & 72 NZ).

1850 – worldatlas.com Christchurch founded.

1850s – Pioneer days when many homes had patchwork bedcovers. Women were thrifty and saved old clothing fabrics. Candles and lamps were used at night. Sewing and mending  clothes and bedcovers. Sewing was part of a woman’s daily work. (Patchwork. Lauri Tapsell ©1979 NZ).

1850-1867 – By the late 1850’s there were 1.5 million sheep in New Zealand, with most in Canterbury and Hawkes Bay. Wool was central to New Zealand’s economy. By 1867 sheep numbers grew to 8.5 million, mainly in the South Island. (Trackless sea. ©2008 Megan Hutching).

1850-1900 – Canterbury old and new 1850-1900. Whitcombe and Tombs ltd., Old pioneers early history of Canterbury.

1851 – Clues about family history in old newspapers. The earliest census was taken in NZ in 1851. (Find your family on the internet. Ros Henry. p39 no date).

1851 – Some headstones date back 150 years. Established in 1851 the Barbadoes st cemetery was the first in Christchurch, it was severely damaged in the 2011 earthquakes. (NZ genealogist July Aug 2011).

1851 – 1900 – Otago death records from early newspapers CD (Trade me $20).

1851 – 1900 – Canterbury death records from early newspapers CD Colonial books (Trade me $20).

11 Jan 1851 – The first number of the Lyttelton Times was issued Saturday . (Canterbury old and new 1850-1900. Whitcombe & Tombs ltd).

1852 – Canterbury, a few sheep in the settlement. Sheep, cattle and horses were being brought from Australia, imported by Charles Sidey. Also stock brought by Sefton Moorhouse. (Canterbury old and new. Whitcombe abd Tombs ltd.).

1852 – 1923 – Passenger lists Victoria Australia outwards to NZ. Gold miners moving.  a CD, ISBN 9781877217517 (Trade me $30).

1853 – James George Deck, his wife and 8 surviving children arrived on the “Cornwall” in Wellington . (A peoples history. ©1992 p58 NZ).

Sept 1853 – Elections for Christchurch provincial council. Christchurch, until the earthquake of 2011. (History Today. May 2014 UK).

1855 – Wairarapa 8.2 quake. NZs most powerful recorded quake up to 9 people died. (NZ newswire Te Ara).

1855 – Malay mail online Malaysia. 6 Jan 2015 AFP. Wellington NZ most powerful quake 8.2 quake. Four people died. It pushed the shoreline up 650 feet and the harbour floor up.

1855 – Highway to the Hutt valley, the 1855 earthquake pushed up the shoreline by about a metre, making more land available for a road. (Trackless sea. ©2008 Megan Hutching).

23 January 1855 – Wairarapa earthquake 8.2 quake struck the lower north island and  killed between 5 to 9 people and altered the Wellington region. (NZ disasters timeline internet).

23 Jan 1855 – The most powerful earthquake recorded in NZ. Altered the geographical landscape of Wellington 8.2 (On this day in NZ. Ron Palenski ©2010).

March 1855 – James Mackenzie shepherd, drover, sheepstealer by Cathy Marr. Mackenzie emigrated to Australia about 1849. North of Timaru in March 1855. Lyttelton Times 12 May 1855. (A peoples history. ©1992 NZ)

March 1855 – About six weeks before this, there was a large earthquake in Wellington. Windows broken, chimneys fell down, plaster peels from the walls and furniture flying all over the place. Shock after shock continued. (Trackless sea. ©2008 Megan Hutching).

4 March 1855 – James Mackenzie was found with 1,000 sheep stolen from south Canterbury. Mackenzie country named after him. (NZ crime timeline).

1856 – Auckland Almanack and directory W Lambert. Auckland public library POBox 4138 Auckland NZ.

1856 – Archives NZ. Christchurch was chartered as a city in 1856, the first city in NZ. NZ history.

1856-1862 – Martin Cash was a convict, policeman and brothel keeper. He moved to New Zealand from Hobart Australia in 1856. In 1860 Cash was in Christchurch as a constable in the Canterbury province armed police force, which he joined in 1859. His main line of work was brothel keeping. His identity and activities were eventually investigated. In March 1860 Cash was sacked and fined for keeping a brothel. Many others like him moved to NZ after the decline of the Australian goldfields. Cash returned to NZ by December 1862. He continued to operate several brothels in Christchurch red light district and Salisbury street including the Red house. He moved to Otago gold fields then returned to Christchurch. (p35 A peoples history. ©1992 NZ).

1857 – Prince Edward Islanders on the “Gertrude” to NZ. (Australian family tree. September 2010)

1857-1860 – Thomas Hammond’s parents and siblings left Clee Hill in Shropshire UK to migrate to NZ arriving in 1857. Dinah Hammond was born 1838 while in NZ, married James Galbritte children Alice, Lavina, Patty, John and James. During the latter part of the 19^th century they returned to the UK. Galbraith in 1860. In the UK in 1881 census. Islington and London from the early 20^th century in Surrey. (Practical family history. July 2003 p20).

1857-1863 – For the four years 1857-60 the total gold exported from NZ was nearly 36,000 ounces. In 1861 alone 400,000 ounces. In 1863  625,000 ounces. Most came from the Clutha areas. Gold quantities were expressed in troy ounces. One troy ounce is equal to 31.1035 grams. (Costly gold. JS RW Murray Clutha riches and their human toll).

1857-1898 – On 15 April 1857 the “Maori” laid anchor outside Otago heads. Uncle Donald Borrie’s farm. John the oldest son went to work at James Macandrew’s store in Dunedin. As the news of gold spread, Dunedin began to boom including Macandrew’s store. The port became packed with shipping, and the customs officer was overworked. So John Borrie left the store to join the customs staff. The influx of gold speculators meant the need for more productive farms. On Sunday Janet Borrie attended church, Rev W Gillies was the minister. Janet died in 1898 and was buried in the west Taieri cemetery bedside her husband near the church. (Petticoat pioneers. B Harper ©1980).

1857-1957 – Old historical records The Cromwell Argus weekly from 1869-1947. In the century between 1857 and 1957 NZ exported gold valued at nearly 120 million pounds, most gold was in the Clutha area. (Costly gold. JS RW Murray 1978 Clutha riches and their human tol.l ISBN 0-589-01132-4).

1858-1958 – From distant villages, the lives and times of Croatian settlers in NZ 1858-1958 by Stephen A Jelicich. (NZ society of genealogists inc. Nov-Dec 2011 p253).

1858-1980 – NZ Maori land claims. (NZ genealogist March April 2011).

7 May 1858 – Sarah Jane Finch was born in Milton Otago.

1859 – “Cheviot” From Glasgow Scotland to Port Chalmers Otago, ship.

1859 – The “Strathallah” in 1859 was a turning point in the history of south Canterbury. The “Lancashire witch” the “Victory” and the “Tiptree” and other ships, each with many immigrants. Those on the “Tiptree” were mostly Cornishmen from Cornwall or from the south of England. Flour was imported from Adelaide Australia. (Canterbury old and new. Whitcombe and Tombs ltd).

1860’s – Iwi receive multimillion dollars settlement, by Rebecca Quilliam 17 December 2012. NZ Herald APMZ. Maori wars of 1860’s.

1860 – Martin Cash in Christchurch, as a constable in the Canterbury province armed police force, which he joined in 1859. His main line of work was brothel keeping. His identity and activities were eventually investigated. In March 1860 Cash was sacked and fined for keeping a brothel. Many others like him moved to NZ after the decline of the Australian goldfields.  (p35 A people history. ©1992 NZ).

1860s – Gold rush of the 1860s migrants from Australia and California in the US. 2,000 Chinese were sent from the Pearl Delta region of Guangdong province. The Chinese often stayed on as laundrymen and fruiterers. Market gardeners, hawking fruit and veges from door to door. (Chch crime and scandals. Geoffrey W Rice ©2013).

1860-61 – Taranaki records 1860 Taranaki Herald 21 July 1860. 19 May 1860 sent to Nelson. Taranaki war 28 June 1861. 174 Maoris were killed and 14 settlers killed. (NZ genealogist March April 2011).

1860-1862 – Dunedin’s synagogue was built in the 1860s for Dunedin’s Jewish congregation. The story of the world’s southernmost synagogue began in 1862. Discovery of gold in Otago the previous year, with an increase in Jewish numbers. Among the early congregation was Julius Vogel. (Heritage NZ. Winter 2012 p7).

1860-1900 – Otago marriage records from early newspapers. Otago and Southland CD Colonial books Trade me.

1861 – Melbourne to Port Chalmers Otago the“Oscar”. Also Glasgow to Port Chalmers Otago the “Lady Egidia”.

1861-1911- Berge Picalmot left Italy in 1855 and arrived in NZ in 1861.  In Greymouth 1865. In 1874 he was appointed Italian consul until his death in 1911. (Alan Poletti).

4 Oct 1861 – Charles C Cole moved to Dunedin on 4 Oct 1861. Coach company Cobb and co, Cole and co. The Otago gold rush was on. Hundreds of miners supplies needed to be transported into central Otago. (NZ Memories June July 2014).

1862-1863 – Gold strike on the Arrow river 1862. The first gold discovered was attributed to Jack Tewa (Maori Jack) Otago. Chinese miners and a speech by Madam Xiutian Tan, Chinese Consul General. The gold escort left Arrow township on 18 Jan 1863 with 12,000 ounces of gold. Subsequent escorts carried over 20,000 ounces. During winter 1863, 2,000 miners in Arrow district sent 6,000 ounces of gold a month. One ounce of gold was worth 3 pounds 15 shillings in the 1860s. (NZ Memories Dec Jan 2012 2013).

Sept 1862 – Emigrant ship the “Pladda” for New Zealand from Ireland. 193 girls on the ship. (NZ Memories Dec Jan 2014).

December 1862 – Martin Cash retuned to NZ by December 1862. He continued to operate several brothels in Christchurch red light district and Salisbury street including the Red house. Moved to the Otago gold fields then returned to Christchurch. (p35 A people history. ©1992 NZ).

1863 – A first year in Canterbury settlement by Samuel Butler London Trade me $188.

1863 – Otago Dunedin Gold rush, miners from Melbourne and mounted police from Melbourne arrived. Illegitimate children. Villians were now at the goldfields in Otago. Agents in Otago arranged for young single women from Ireland to be sent. (NZ Memories Dec Jan 2012 2013).

March 1863 – Mr A Raper. City of Hobart – Otago NZ. (Public records office Victoria Australia). (15 July 2013).

13 April 1863 – Official details of the loss of the HMS Orpheus in NZ, list of survivors. Chares Hill. The Observor 1791-1900 London UK.

21 Nov 1863 – Maori Battle of Rangiriri, casualties were among the worst of the NZ wars. 132 British and 70 Maori were killed or wounded. 280 casualties. (Chch Star 21 Nov 2014. Today in history.)

1864 – Widespread financial crisis NZ. (A peoples history. ©1992 NZ)

1864 – 1964 – NZ National mortgage and agency co 100 years by G Parry 1^st ed 1964 Trade me $5.

26 Aug 1864 – The NZ war. The Manchester Guardian 1828-1900 UK.

17 Oct 1864 – The war in NZ. The Irish Times Daily Advertiser. 1859-1874 Dublin Ireland.

5 December 1864 – Samuel Finch and Elizabeth Strain were married in Milton Otago.

1865 – Maori land courts were formed to determine ownership of Maori land. (Family tree. Dec 2009 p20).

1865 – 1954 - NZ electoral rolls.

1865 – Newspaper, Evening Post Wellington.

Sept 1865 – Otago’s first hanging. William Jarvey from Dunedin prison. (NZ genealogist March April 2012 p94).

1866 – Directory of the city and suburbs of Auckland 1866-67 Mitchell and Seffern.

7 Jan 1867 – The first recorded murder in the region was Military settler Alfred J Campbell Oropi died of a gunshot wound. (Tauranga murders in history. 23 Sept 2014 Sun Live).

12 June 1867 – The Mongonui murder. Wanganui Herald.

13 June 1867 – The murder of Mr Burke. Wanganui Herald.

20 June 1867 – Death. Wanganui Herald.

30 June 1867 – Abraham Bennett White, a settler in the Bay of Plenty, was murdered at Ohiwa river. The head of Mr White was found in a sandhill near the Ohiwa, his body was never found. (NZ genealogist Jan Feb 2009) (Nelson Examiner and NZ Chronicle 20 July 1867).

July 1867 – Canterbury had a large snow storm which lasted six days. Half a million sheep were killed. Provisions got very low. Storm damage. (Trackless sea. ©2008 Megan Hutching).

2 July 1867 – The earthquake at Mytelene. Wanganui Herald.

3 Aug 1867 – Reported murder of four Europeans and four Maoris. Wanganui Herald.

21 Aug 1867 – The murderers of Mr Burke. Wanganui Herald.

21 Aug 1867 – Death. Wanganui Herald.

1868 – Canterbury provincial roll 1868-69, 1870-71, 1972-73, 1873-74. BAB Microfilming.

1869 – 1873 – Tower NZ formed in 1869, as the Government life insurance office, department. Tower corp in 1987. In 1989 Tower brought National insurance company of NZ, head office in Dunedin Otago. Formed in 1873. (Wikipedia. Tower).

7 Sept 1869 – NZ and the colonial office. The Manchester Guardian 1828-1900 UK.

1870’s – Chinese immigrants arrived in Palmerston North in the mid 1870’s. Ex miners from Guangzhou (Canton), who went to the Otago goldfields. (NZ Heritage. winter 2012)

1870-1878 – Cardrona was at its peak in the 1870s, the residents were mainly Chinese miners, about 1,000 people, seven stores, a post office, a bank, a school, a jail and a police HQ, 4 butchers, a baker and a blacksmith. By 1878 Cardrona had a population of only 200. (Heritage NZ. Winter 2012 p7).

1870-1977 – Martin Cash autobiography by James Lester Burke published in 1870 The adventures of Martin Cash. He died on 27 august 1877 in Tasmania Australia. (p35 A people history. ©1992 NZ).

1870-1880 – In the 1870s and 1880s the appearance of Russian explorers in the south Pacific and Antarctica waters brought fear of the Russian raids on NZ ports. (NZ a short history. Laurie Barber ©1989).

28 September 1871 – Wilfred von Sturmer was born in Auckland.

1872 – Wises NZ Directory NZ Post office 1872, 1880, 1900, 1955.

1872-1873  – Newspaper, Standard and peoples Advocate Gisbourne.

1873 – Susan Love Noone was born in Alexandra Otago.

1873 – Chapmans Auckland directory for 1873 and 1874.

19 April 1873 – Elizabeth Catherine Finch was born in Dunedin Otago.

1874 – Melbourne to Otago the “Alhambra”. Also London to Port Chalmers the “Christian McAusland”. Photo. Also Gravesend to Port Chalmers the “Sussex”.

1874-75 – Greenock to Otago the “Wild Deer”.

1874-1895 – In 1895 the Bank of NZ bought the Colonial BNZ which was founded in Dunedin in 1874. The BNZ archives hold the Colonial BNZ staff registers, but it is incomplete. Many were of Scottish birth. (NZ genealogist March April 2012).

1874-1968 – Italian migration and settlement in New Zealand. J H Burnley. 30 July 2009.

8 Aug 1874 – The “Adamant” ship arrived in Nelson from Plymouth UK. The trip took 93 days. There were nine voyages of the “Adamant” altogether. (NZ genealogist Jan Feb 2009).

7 January 1875 – Agnes Finch was born in Milburn Otago

.4 October 1875 – Thomas Pryor was born in Dunedin Otago.

1876 – Christchurch 1876, 30,000 population. (Chch crimes scandals. Geoffrey W Rice (c)2013).

1877 – There were 53 Italians in Okura in 1877. (Alan Poletti).

16 September 1877 – Lucille Evelyne Finch was born in Dunedin Otago.

1878 – Liverpool to Port Chalmers the “Invercargill” diary.

1878 – Turtons land deeds of the North Island pre 1878 Alexander Turnbull library POBox 12-349 Wellington NZ.

1878-1879 – Records, Maori prisoners arrested by the Crown during the 1878 South Taranaki resistance at Waimate and Parihaka, archives NZ records are limited. 1878 first arrests by armed constabulary on 30 June 1879. July 1879, 180 arrests were made. 40 of them were given two months jail, sent to Wellington initially. (NZ genealogist July Aug 2011).

5 February 1878 – Sarah Jane Finch was married in Milton Otago.

7 Feb 1878 – A 42 year old Chinese hawker, Yan Quam Quam Yan or Quam Yam was arrested and accused of raping a ten year old girl in Opawa, Alice Maud. He spoke very little English and needed an interpretor. He pleased not guilty. (Chch crimes and scandals. Geoffrey W Rice ©2013).

1 April 1878 – Quam Yan appeared in court, accused of the rape of a 10 year old girl, he pleaded not guilty. No lawyer. (Chch and scandals Geoffrey W Rice ©2013).

1879 – Long lost relatives Timaru Rootsweb. John Thomas Webber went from Plymouth UK to NZ in 1875. He was last heard of in Timaru Canterbury in 1879.

1879 – Prison dept correspondence to native dept 1879. About the arrest of Maori prisoners. This file no longer exists, it was destroyed in the Hope Gibbons fire of 1952, which burnt records of seven govt depts. (NZ genealogist July Aug 2011).

1879-1880 – Taranaki maori arrested in 1878 were moved to Mt Cook barracks in Wellington, where prisoners were first sent 10 July 1879. James Mackay inspected the 600 Maori prisoners, who arrived by 9 July 1879. By 29 Oct 1879 there were 131 Maori prisoners at Mt Cook jail. One prisoner, Tami Raiha could not be sent to another prison and he died on 7 April 1880. On 22 July 1990 Watene Tupuhi died in Dunedin jail of consumption, 25 years old. (NZ genealogist July Aug 2011).

27 May 1879 – Ada Lillian Finch was born in Dunedin Otago.

26 Sept 1879 – Opium smoking. NZ Tablet. Papers Past.

1880 – On 23 Sept 1880 Pirerangi died in Dunedin jail of consumption. (NZ genealogist July Aug 2011).

1880 – Italians were living in Westland NZ in 1880. Italian census NZ by Alan Poletti a.poletti@xtra.co.nz  ancestors and archives.

1880-1928 – Deceased estates under public trust in NZ. Trade me $5 1931-1950 CD Colonial books 1929 and 1930 and missing.

1880 – 1950 – Italians in NZ Wellington area 1940s and 50s. The came from Stromboli offshore from Naples, or a town off Massaburense, they started arriving from the 1880s. (NZ Memories. Feb March 2014).

23 January 1880 – Amelia Rosetta Williams was born in Auckland

1881 – Archives NZ. 1881 Chinese immigrants Act by NZ Parliament. NZ history.

1881 – The first Chinese gold miners arrived in NZ in 1866 and 3 years later there were more than 2,000 of these immigrants, mainly from Guangzhou China. By 1881 there were about 5,000 Chinese in NZ. Mr Sew Hoy in 1883. (Maritime executive 19 Nov 2014).

1881-1882 – Trustee Executors was established in 1881. Will and Trust Deeds, Otago. Private Act of Parliament. Statutory Trust Company in 1882. In the 1970s Tower, in 1988 and 1999. Mid 2003 Trustee executors name again. (Website).

29 Jan 1881 – An English lady is murdered in NZ. Weekly Irish Times 1876-1920 Dublin Ireland.

1 March 1881 – William John Finch was born in Dunedin Otago.

May June 1881 – 24 May 1881 several severe shocks of earthquake. 26 June 1881 Earthquake most prolonged felt. (NZ Memories June July 2014 p56).

5 Dec 1881 – Very severe shocks of earthquake. (NZ genealogist March April 2011).

1882 – Auckland city and suburban directory Ingram and Gardner.

1882 – NZ property tax department a return of the freeholders of NZ Government printer Wellington.

1883-4 – Auckland city suburban and provincial directory Ingram and Gardner.

1 May 1884 – Murder suicide rape. Poverty Bay Herald.

1885 – The earthquake of 1885, loss of life. (NZ Memories June July 2013.

1886 – Sir Hepi’s great grandfather in 1886. Gave the central mountains of the north island to the crown?.(The Bolger years. Margaret Clark ©2008 NZ).

1886 – Stone’s Dunedin and Invercargill directory.

1886 – The defenders of NZ TW Gudgeon Brett.

1886 – Kevin Ryan’s grandfather was the engineer on the ship the “penguin” which hurried to the nearest port of Tauranga when mount Tarewa erupted. (Justice. Kevin Ryan ©1997 NZ).

1886-1986 – Wanganui police history.  Charles E Spicer Trade me $24.

10 June 1886 – The great Tarawera eruption left 153 people dead and damaged homes. (NZ Memories Dec Jan 2014).

19 June 1886 – The eruption of Lake Tarewera, Ta Wairoa. 31 May 1886 the eruption of mount Tarawera and on 10 June 1886 Mount Trawera burst into life. The volcano erupted with a force so large that the number of those killed will never be known, officially 153 dead. (NZ mysteries. Nicola McCloy. ©2005 NZ).

1889 – Cleaves Auckland city and suburban directory 1889, 1890, 1891 until 1923.

1889 – Chinese in Nelson. The first naturalised Chinese in NZ. A house was built by Wong Ah Poo Hoc Ting, aka Appo Hocton. (NZ Memories. Feb March 2014).

17 Aug 1889 – NZ at present, Canterbury and Christchurch. Weekly Irish Times 1876-1920 Dublin Ireland.

1890-1892 – In Jan 1890 Arthur Bentley Worthington, his wife Mary and children arrived in Christchurch from the US. A sect called the students of truth. 400 Christchurch members. 1892 the temple of truth in Latimer square Christchurch. (NZ mysteries. Nicole McCloy ©2005 NZ).

1890s – 1900s – William Pryor was born 3 June 1867 in Dunedin. Dominion organiser of the NZ employers association in the 1890s and 1900s. Industrial disputes around NZ, and ran for parliament in 1905. He died 56 years old on 26 Feb 1922.

1890s – American fraudster Arthur Bently Worthington and his Temple of Truth in Latimer square Christchurch. He later went to Australia. (Chch crimes scandals. Geoffrey W Rice ©2013).

5 March 1890 – David Nicol died in Dunedin NZ

8 April 1890 – Supposed murder of a tourist. Ashburton Guardian.

7 Sept 1891 – Importation of opium. Auckland Star. Papers Past.

1892 – George William was found dead in the bush while on a visit to his sister Susannah. (NZ genealogist Jan Feb 2009).

1892 – Grace Emma Munro, 30 years old was killed by her husband. (Tauranga murders in history. 23 Sept 2014 Sun Live).

12 Feb 1892 – Mysterious murder. Auckland Star.

23 March 1892 – James Pryor and Emily Jane Cole were married in Ponsonby Auckland.

1893 – The Industrial Conciliation and Arbitration Act of 1893. It was rewritten in the 1990s. (The Bolger years. Margaret Clark ©2008 NZ).

1893 – NZ became the first country in the world to give women the right to vote. Newstalk ZB 120^th anniversary womens sufferage.

1893-1904 – NZ bankruptcy notices CD PDF file Trade me.

30 Oct 1893 – A wealthy young man meets a mysterious death. Thames Star.

27 Nov 1893 – Smuggling opium. Auckland Star. Papers Past.

17 September 1894 – Raper. Sydney to NZ. (NZ immigraton passenger list 1855-1973) (14 July 2013).

26 October 1894 – 1 November 1894 Raper.

1 November 1894 – Raper. Sydney NZ. Born 1849 British female aged 45. Ship “Tasmania” (14 July 2013).

5 November 1894 – Raper. Lyttelton NZ (NZ immigration passenger list 1855-1973).

6 Aug 1895 – Chinese opium dens. Nelson Evening Mail. Papers Past.

6 Aug 1895 – Chinese opium dens. Press. Papers Past.

6 Aug 1895 – Chinese opium dens. Papers Past.

2 august 1895 – Minnie Dean was a baby farmer, she was found guilty of murder and hanged at Invercargil prison on 12 august 1895. The only women ever executed in NZ. Southland Times reports. (Law breakers mischief. ©2009 Bronwyn Sell).

1896-1920 – The undesirable hawkers prevention bill of 1896. The immigration restriction ACT of 1899. The immigration restriction amendment ACT of 1920. (Shot in the dark. Scott Bainbridge ©2010 NZ).

1896 – Agnes Finch married Joseph Robinson in Milburn Otago

1896 – Census measures national population at 743,214 (Timeline NZ internet).

19 March 1896 – Shocking murder. Evening Post.

27 April 1896 – A shocking murder. Feilding Star.

27 April 1896 – Brutal murder. Hawera Normanby Star.

10 June 1896 – Earthquakes at Napier, a series of violent quakes. Marlborough express p2 vol xxxi issue 132.

15 Dec 1896 – Another man missing. Marlborough Express.

1897 – Cyclopedia of NZ vols 1-6 Christchurch NZ 1897-19087.

5 August 1897 – Frederick John von Sturmer died in Hamilton Wkt.

27 Aug 1898 – NZ rabbit exportation. Weekly Irish Times 1876-1920 Dublin Ireland.

12 Oct 1898 – William Larnach walked into a parliament committee room in Wellington and shot himself dead. Its now the Parliament house library. (NZ mysteries. Nicola McCloy. ©2005 NZ).

1899 – Every place in NZ the NZ index Wises Christchurch.

1899 – Oil lamps. Large oil lamps were used to read and do craftwork Colza oil from Rape seed for lighting. (NZ Memories. Aug Sept 2014).

3 Feb 1899 – The NZ gold mines. The Manchester Guardian 1828-1900 UK.

24 Feb 1899 – Illegally importing opium. Wanganui Chronicle. Papers Past.

24 Feb 1899 – Importing opium. Hawkes Bay Herald, Papers Past.

24 Feb 1899 – Charge of importing opium. NZ Herald. Papers Past.

1 March 1899 – Samuel Finch died.

1900 – Christchurch population 50,000. (Chch crimes scandals. Geoffrey W Rice ©2013).

1900-1940 – NZ police gazette. In 1915 there were reports of opium smoking. (NZ genealogist Jan Feb 2011).

1901 – The NZ Socialist party was founded in New Zealand Karl Marx and Engles (internet).

1901 – Census Chinese population of 2,792 only 30 were women. Only 82 Chinese men in Christchurch. Racism against them. Gambling dens and opium smoking. Poor English. (Chch crimes and scandals. Geoffrey W Rice ©(2013).

1902 – Troy More in 2001 posted on Coldcases,  then moved to New Zealand from the US. One of New Zealand’s oldest cases, an unidentified women found floating in Wellington harbour in 1902. (The Sketeton crew. Deborah Helber ©2014 US).

1902 – The SS Ventnor was a British ship in 1902 Cheong Sing Tong, a charity led by Dunedin businessman Choie Sew Hoy. Remains of Chinese gold miners who died being sent back to China for reburial. (Maritime executive 19 Nov 2014).

1902-1905 – Police gazette. George Skidmore alias Malone alias Whitten, wanted for the murder of a Sydney policeman. Last seen at a hotel in Te Aro Wellington. The murder occurred in 1902 and in 1905 he was still at large. (NZ genealogist Jan Feb 2011).

3 Feb 1902 – NZ and the war. The Manchester Guardian 1901-1959 UK.

11 Feb 1902 – Immigration Sydney to Wellington ship “Cornwall” name Raper.

23 April 1902 – Raid on opium dens. Taranaki Daily news. Papers Past.

24 April 1902 – Raid on opium dens. Colonist. Papers Past.

24 April 1902 – The raid on opium dens. Wanganui Chronicle. Papers Past.

24 April 1902 – An opium raid. Fielding Star. Papers Past.

29 Sept 1902 – Smuggling opium. Wanganui Chronicle. Papers Past.

29 Sept 1902 – Opium smuggling. Taranaki Herald. Papers Past.

Oct 1902 – Ventnor project, the wreck of a ship that sank in Oct 1902. 13 crew and 499 Chinese from the Otago goldfields. (Waatea news 20 Nov 2014).

28 Oct 1902 – 499 coffins on the lost ship Duncan Sew Hoy, aged 79. The vessels went down with the ship. The SS Ventnor sunk off the Hokianga coast. (ODT. NZ Herald. 14 Nov 2014).

29 Oct 1902 – SS Ventnor sank off Hokianga. The ship left Wellington bound for Hong Kong on 26 Oct 1902. The next day it sank on a reef off the Taranaki coast. (Maritime executive 19 Nov 2014).

20 Nov 1902 – Missing. German sailor arrested. Grey River Argus.

13 Dec 1902 – Opium smuggling. Manawatu Herald. Papers Past.

13 Dec 1902 – Opium smuggling. Papers Past.

15 Dec 1902 – Alleged opium smuggling. NZ Herald. Papers Past.

1903 – James Pryor and Emily (nee Cole) were living in Christchurch. Richmond the Bowhill street New Brighton and children.

1903-21 – The NZ police fingerprint bureau was set up in 1903 and by 1921 had 22,000 sets of fingerprints. (Shot in the dark. Scott Bainbridge ©2010 NZ)

20 Jan 1903 – Smuggling opium. Wanganui Herald. Papers Past.

3 April 1903 – A warning to chemists. Wanganui Herald. Papers Past.

3 April 1903 – Opium sale and chemists. Nelson Evening Mail. Papers Past.

3 April 1903 – Chemists and opium. Auckland Star. Papers Past.

4 April 1903 – Chemist and the sale of opium. Otago Daily Times. Papers Past.

16 April 1903 – Smuggling opium. Feilding Star. Papers Past.

16 April 1903 – Smuggling opium. Hawera Star. Papers Past.

16 April 1903 – Importing opium. Auckland Star. Papers Past.

16 April 1903 – An opium smuggler. West Coast Times. Papers Past.

17 April 1903 – Opium smuggling. Press. Papers Past.

17 April 1903 – An opium smuggler. West Coast Times. Papers Past.

25 June 1903 – Chinese laundry raided. NZ Herald. Papers Past.

25 June 1903 – Raid on opium den. Taranaki Daily news. Paper Past.

23 July 1903 – Chinese and opium. Nelson Evening Mail. Papers Past.

24 July 1903 – Chinese and opium. Press. Papers Past.

24 July 1903 – Opium and leprosy. Bay of Plenty Times. Papers Past.

28 Sept 1903 – Opium imports. Wanganui Herald. Papers Past.

11 Feb 1904 – Opium smuggling at the Bluff. Nelson Evening Mail. Papers Past.

11 Feb 1904 – Opium smuggling. Bush Advocate. Papers Past.

11 Feb 1904 – Smuggling opium. Wanganui Herald. Papers Past.

12 Feb 1904 – An opium smuggler. Press. Papers Past.

12 May 1904 – Opium smuggling. Manawatu Times. Papers Past.

12 May 1904 – Importation of opium. West Coast Times. Papers Past.

19 July 1904 – Missing American emissary. Auckland Star.

13 Aug 1904 – Smuggling opium. Thames Star. Papers Past.

16 Aug 1904 – Opium smuggling. Press. Papers Past.

19 Sept 1904 – Raid on an opium den. Feilding Star. Paper Past.

19 Sept 1904 – Raid on an opium den. Wanganui Herald. Papers Past.

27 Sept 1904 – Opium raids. Star. Papers Past.

28 Sept 1904 – Another opium raid. Press. Papers Past.

31 Jan 1905 – Chinamen fined. Taranaki Herald. Papers Past.

4 April 1905 – A Chinese opium monopoly. Marlborough Express. Papers Past.

11 April 1905 – Alleged opium smoking. Colonist. Papers Past.

18 April 1905 – Opium in New Zealand. Taranaki Herald. Papers Past.

8 May 1905 – Christchurch Socialist. Manawatu Times. Papers Past NZ.

18 May 1905 – Opium smuggling on the increase. Nelson Evening Mail. Papers Past.

18 May 1905 – Opium smuggling. Herald. Papers Past.

19 May 1905 – Opium smuggling. Thames Star. Papers Past.

22 May 1905 – A crusade against opium. Wanganui Herald. Papers Past.

4 July 1905 – A Chinaman fined. Evening Post. Papers Past.

4 July 1905 – Chinese and opium. Taranaki Herald. Papers Past.

5 July 1905 – Chinese and opium. Nelson Evening Mail. Papers Past.

12 Sept 1905 – A Chinaman and his opium. NZ Herald. Papers Past.

22 Sept 1905 – Chinese and opium. Nelson Evening Mail. Papers Past.

22 Sept 1905 – Chinese and opium. Taranaki Herald. Papers Past.

30 Sept 1905 – Chinese and opium. Hawera Star. Papers Past.

9 Oct 1905 - A Chinaman and his opium. Wanganui Herald. Papers Past.

16 Dec 1905 – Chinese and opium. Taranaki Herald. Papers Past.

29 Dec 1905 – James John Pryor died Dunedin aged 68. Unexpected sudden death. Coroners report.  Mr CC Graham coroner.

1906 – Mr Wong Mee Chang who left NZ to return to China in 1906. His friend Ah Ming. Children in NZ, three generations of the Meechang’s family in NZ. (NZ Memories June July 2013).

12 Feb 1906 – A missing school master. Waikato Times.

15 Aug 1906 – Portion of body still missing. Marlborough express.

27 Dec 1906 – China and opium traffic. Colonist. Papers Past.

21 Feb 1907 – Raid on Chinese houses. Wanganui Chronicle. Papers Past.

23 March 1907 – Reefton Chinese in trouble. Grey River Argus. Papers Past.

30 April 1907 – Raid on opium dens. Nelson Evening Mail. Papers Past.

30 April 1907 – Raid on opium dens. Colonist. Papers Past.

10 June 1907 – Chinese. Press. Papers Past.

8 July 1907 – Opium raids on Chinese den. Papers Past.

8 July 1907 – Opium smuggling. Marlborough Express. Papers Past.

12 Aug 1907 – Opium dens closed. Feilding Star. Papers Past.

12 Aug 1907 – Opium dens. Star. Papers Past.

16 Aug 1907 – A Chinese raid. Bush Advocate. Papers Past.

16 Aug 1907 – Opium dens. Star. Papers Past.

24 Aug 1907 – Chinese opium smokers. NZ Herald. Papers Past.

24 Aug 1907 – International Socialist congress. Ashburton Guardian. Papers Past NZ.

26 Aug 1907 – International Socialist congress. Ashburton Guardian. Papers Past NZ.

29 Aug 1907 – An opium raid. Star. Papers Past.

7 Sept 1907 – A Chinaman’s opium. Taranaki Herald. Papers Past.

11 Dec 1907 – NZ parliament was destroyed by fire, saving the library. The Manchester Guardian 1901-1959 UK.

26 Dec 1907 – An Italian crime. NZ Herald.

2 Jan 1908 – Smuggling of opium. Taranaki Herald. Papers Past.

28 Feb 1908 – Opium smuggling. Otago Daily Times. Papers Past.

29 Feb 1908 – Opium smuggling. Otago Daily Times. Papers Past.

29 Feb 1908 – Opium smuggling. Papers Past.

11 March 1908 – Opium smuggling. Evening Post. Papers Past.

12 March 1908 – Opium smuggling. Marlborough Express. Papers Past.

24 March 1908 – Smuggling opium. Nelson Evening Mail. Papers Past.

24 March 1908 – Opium smuggling. Bush Advocate. Papers Past.

24 March 1908 – Opium smuggling. Thames Star. Papers Past.

25 March 1908 – Opium smuggling. West Coast Times. Papers Past.

25 March 1908 – Opium smugglers arrested. Bay of Plenty Times. Papers Past.

24 April 1908 – Opium dens closing. Grey River Argus. Papers Past.

25 March 1908 – Opium smuggling. Wanganui Chronicle. Papers Past.

22 April 1908 – Chinese opium dens. Auckland Star. Papers Past.

24 April 1908 – Opium dens. Ohinemuri Gazette. Papers Past.

26 May 1908 – Chinese and opium. Evening Post. Papers Past.

22 July 1908 – NZ premier and the ‘yellow peril’, the welcome to the American fleet. The Manchester Guardian 1901-1959 UK.

31 July 1908 – Opium smugglers fined. Star. Papers Past.

31 July 1908 – Opium smuggling. Auckland Star. Papers Past.

31 July 1908- Smuggling opium. Grey River Argus. Papers Past.

1 Aug 1908 – Opium smuggling. Colonist. Papers Past.

18 Sept 1908 – Opium smuggling. Grey River Argus. Papers Past.

2 Oct 1908 – The opium traffic. Wanganui Herald. Papers Past.

19 Oct 1908 – Smuggling opium. Mataura Ensign. Papers Past.

19 Oct 1908 – Smuggling opium. Taranaki Herald. Papers Past.

19 Oct 1908 – Smuggling opium. Auckland Star. Papers Past.

20 Oct 1908 – Opium smuggling. Otago Daily Times. Papers Past.

21 Oct 1908 – Opium monopoly. Auckland Star. Papers Past.

11 Dec 1908 – A haul of opium. Nelson Evening Mail. Papers Past.

11 Dec 1908 – An opium haul. Papers Past.

8 Jan 1909 – Opium traffic. Auckland Star. Papers Past.

8 March 1909 – The opium curse. Hawera and Normanby Star. Papers Past.

29 April 1909 – Opium smuggling. Mataura Ensign. Papers Past.

29 April 1909 – Opium frauds. Bush Advocate. Papers Past.

23 July 1909 – Raid on opium smokers. Papers Past.

23 July 1909 – An opium den. Marlborough Express. Papers Past.

23 July 1909 – Opium den raided. Bay of Plenty Times. Papers Past.

23 July 1909 – Raid on opium smokers. Nelson Evening mail. Papers Past.

23 July 1909 – An opium den raided. Taranaki Herald. Papers Past.

23 July 1909 – Chinese and opium. Wanganui Chronicle. Papers Past.

23 July 1909 – An opium den. Harewa. Papers Past.

26 July 1909 – An opium den. Ashburton Guardian. Papers Past.

18 Aug 1909 – Smuggling opium. Manawatu Times. Papers Past.

18 Aug 1909 – Smuggled opium. Wairarapa Times. Papers Past.

18 Aug 1909 – Opium smuggling. Evening Post. Papers Past.

18 Aug 1909 – Opium smuggling. Wanganui Herald. Papers Past.

18 Aug 1909 – Opium smugglers charged. Bay of Plenty Times. Papers Past.

19 Aug 1909 – Opium smuggling. Hawewa Star. Papers Past.

20 Aug 1909 – Opium smuggling. Grey River Argus. Papers Past.

20 Aug 1909 – Opium smuggling. West Coast Times. Papers Past.

23 Aug 1909 – Chinese and opium. Mataura Ensign. Papers Past.

19 Sept 1909 – Smuggled opium. Ashburton Guardian. Papers Past.

20 Sept 1909 – Smuggling opium. Colonist. Papers Past.

20 Oct 1909 – Christchurch murder. Marlborough express.

21 Dec 1909 – Chinaman and opium. Mataura Ensign. Papers Past.

2 March 1910 – Opium on Cable steamer. Oamaru Mail. Papers Past.

3 March 1910 – Opium dens. Fielding Star. Paper Past.

31 March 1910 – The Hocken library opened at the University of Otago museum. A storehouse and a large collection of manuscripts, charts, files and old newspapers and documents. Research library. (On this day in NZ. Ron Palenski ©2010).

5 April 1910 – Military and opium growers. Wanganui Chronicle. Papers Past.

5 April 1910 – Raid on opium growers. Akaroa Mail and Banks Peninsula Advertiser. Papers Past.

7 April 1910 – Chinese and opium. Mail. Papers Past.

8 April 1910 - Chinaman fined. Wanganui Chronicle. Papers Past.

27 Aug 1910 – Smuggled opium. Horowhenua Chronicle. Papers Past.

27 Aug 1910 – Smuggled opium. Manawatu Times. Papers Past.

30 Aug 1910 – International Socialist Congress. Hawera Normanby Star. Papers Past NZ.

13 Sept 1910 – Smuggling opium. Ashburton Guardian. Papers Past.

13 Sept 1910 – Smuggling of opium. Evening Post. Papers Past.

14 Sept 1910 – Opium smuggling. Otago Daily Times. Papers Past.

14 Sept 1910 – Opium smuggling. Grey River Argus. Papers Past.

8 Oct 1910 – Chinese and opium. Mataura Ensign. Papers Past.

8 Oct 1910 – Chinese and opium. Nelson Evening Mail. Papers Past.

12 Dec 1910 – Opium and Chinamen. Ashburton Guardian. Papers Past.

12 Dec 1910 – Smuggling opium. Papers Past.

12 Dec 1910 – Opium and Chinese. Auckland Star. Papers Past.

12 Dec 1910 – Opium raid. Star. Papers past.

12 Dec 1910 – A customs haul. Mataura Ensign. Papers Past.

12 Dec 1910 – Opium and Stowaways. Post. Papers Past.

13 Dec 1910 – Opium smuggling. Press. Papers Past.

13 Dec 1910 – An opium syndicate. Dominion. Papers Past.

24 Dec 1910 – Chinese opium evil. Papers Past.

19 Jan 1911 – The oil fields of NZ. The Irish Times 1874-1920 Dublin Ireland.

24 Jan 1911 – Opium smuggling. Akaroa Mail and Banks Peninsula Advertiser. Papers Past.

11 Feb 1911 – Chinese opium smuggling. Nelson Evening Mail. Papers Past.

11 Feb 1911 – Smuggling opium. Papers Past.

13 Feb 1911 – Opium smuggling. Wanganui Chronicle. Papers Past.

13 Feb 1911 – Opium smuggling. Papers Past.

23 Feb 1911 – Opium smuggling. Wanganui Chronicle. Papers Past.

10 April 1911 – A Chinaman fined. Bay of Plenty Times. Papers Past.

1 May 1911 – Opium smuggling. Thames Star. Papers Past.

30 May 1911 – Smuggled opium. Northern Advocate. Papers Past.

14 June 1911 – Smuggling opium. Grey River Argus. Papers Past.

22 June 1911 – Chinese opium ring. Papers Past.

24 June 1911 – Chinese and opium. Colonist. Papers Past.

27 June 1911 – An opium ring. Auckland Star. Papers Past

27 June 1911 – An opium ring. Northern Advocate. Papers Past.

28 June 1911 – An opium ring. Thames Star. Papers Past.

28 June 1911 – An opium ring. Dominion. Papers Past.

30 June 1911 – NZ Socialist party. Maoriland worker. Papers Past NZ.

11 July 1911 – Chinese and opium. Mataura Ensign. Papers Past.

1 Sept 1911 – Murder mysteries. Nelson Evening Mail.

2 Sept 1911 – Mysterious disappearance. Dominion Wellington.

22 Sept 1911 – Opium smuggling. Waikato Times. Papers Past.

23 Sept 1911 – Opium smuggling. Otago Daily Times. Papers Past.

23 Sept 1911 – Opium smuggling. Northern Advocate. Papers Past.

26 Sept 1911 – Smuggling opium. Papers Past.

1912 – Thomas Sedgwick. Youth migration to Australia and NZ for farm work. Youths 15-19 years. Child migrants under 14. Sedgwick first groups of 50 youths from London and Liverpool were sent to NZ.

1912 – Mines in Waihi. A political strike, unions. William Parry was a member of the Socialist party and a union leader. Many were arrested by police. Shots were fired Constable Wade was shot. The firer of the shot was Fredrick Evans. He was taken to Waihi police station and then to Waihi hospital where he died. Constable Wade made a full recovery. (NZ Memories. Oct Nov 2012 ).

25 Jan 1912 – Big opium seizure. Poverty Bay Herald. Papers Past.

30 Jan 1912 – Big opium seizure. Grey River Argus. Papers Past.

12 Feb 1912 – Chinaman and opium. Mataura Ensign. Papers Past.

22 May 1912 – Opium den raided. Colonist. Papers Past.

17 June 1912 – Chinese arrested. Post. Papers Past.

18 Sept 1912 – James Pryor died aged 43 or 46? Masterton. Buried in Masterton cemetery. He made a will in July 1912.

31 Oct 1912 – Shocking murder. Wairarapa Daily Times.

12 Nov 1912 – Waihi. The strike, constable Gerald Wade, policeman shot on Black Tuesday. The truth about what happened next may never be known. Workers and police. (NZ Memories. June July 2013).

1913 – 14 year old Sally Kent in Dunedin, was raped and stabbed in a school yard. (By a person or persons unknown. George Joseph ©1982 NZ).

1913 – No laws requiring Maori to register births, deaths or marriages until 1913. (NZ Memories Dec Jan 2014).

1913-18 – Bill Bayly’s neighbour, Samuel Pender Lakey, migrated to NZ from the UK in 1913. Released from the army in 1918. (By a person or persons unknown. George Joseph ©1989 NZ).

9 Jan 1913 – The opium trade. Press. Papers past.

9 Jan 1913 – The opium traffic. Colonist. Papers Past.

21 Jan 1913 – Smuggling opium. Ashburton Guardian. Papers Past.

30 Jan 1913 – Big opium crops. NZ Herald. Papers Past.

24 April 1913 – Opium dens. Poverty Bay Herald. Papers Past.

15 May 1913 – Chinese opium smokers. NZ Herald. Papers past.

1914 – Donald Fraser born in Queensland Australia 1892. In 1914 Fraser was charged with a sex assault on a teenage girl. In 17 Nov 1933 unsolved murder, Riccarton Christchurch. (Shot in the dark. Scott Bainbridge ©2010 NZ)

1914-18 – NZ lost about 18,000 soldiers during World War One. Following the war the Spanish flu epidemic swept through NZ killing more than 8,500 people. (Shot in the dark. Scott Bainbridge ©2010 NZ).

1914-18 – Women in NZ were knitting in support of the war effort. (NZ Memories Aug Sept 2014).

14 Jan 1914 – Chemist and opium. Star. Papers Past.

14 Jan 1914 – Chemists and opium. Manawatu Standard. Papers Past.

20 Jan 1914 – Chinese and opium. Wanganui Chronicle. Papers Past.

20 Jan 1914 – An opium den. Press. Papers Past.

7 March 1914 – A Wellington opium den. Press. Papers Past.

14 April 1914 – Chinese opium smuggler. Northern Advocate. Papers Past.

9 May 1914 – NZ police force, an increase of pay. Weekly Irish Times 1876-1920 Dublin Ireland.

8 June 1914 – Chinese and opium. Sun. Papers Past.

3 July 1914 – Chinese and opium. Evening Post.  Papers Past.

4 July 1914 – Chinese and opium. Feilding Star. Papers Past.

11 Aug 1914 – A week after the outbreak of World War One, 12 year old Kiri Waihinga was raped and murdered, she was found in the Wanganui river. Murder unsolved. (By a person or persons unknown. George Joseph (c)1989 NZ).

12 Sept 1914 – North Waikato town of Huntly. An explosion at Ralph mine took 43 lives and many more were inured. (NZ Memories. Aug Sept 2014).

15 Sept 1914 – Chinese with opium. NZ Herald. Papers Past.

28 Sept 1914 – So called prostitute, Frances Marshall was murdered in Auckland. Unsolved crime. (NZ crime timeline).

20 Oct 1914 – Chinaman with opium. NZ Herald. Papers past.

20 Oct 1914 – Chinese and opium. Wairarapa Daily Times. Papers Past.

20 Oct 1914 – Chinese and opium. Evening Post. Papers Past.

5 Dec 1914 – NZ and the war. The Irish Times 1874-1920 Dublin Ireland.

21 Jan 1915 – International Socialist conference. Colonist. Papers Past NZ.

3 March 1915 – Chinamen and opium. Papers Past.

19 March 1915 – Alleged opium smuggling. Hawera Star. Papers Past.

21 May 1915 – Opium smuggling. Northern Advocate. Papers Past.

29 June 1915 – Chinaman and opium. Evening Post. Papers Past.

30 June 1915 – Chinamen and opium. NZ Herald. Papers Past.

8 Sept 1915 – Smuggling opium. NZ Herald. Papers Past.

17 Sept 1915 – Opium smuggling. Sun. Papers Past.

17 Sept 1915 – Opium smuggling. Nelson Evening Mail. Papers Past.

8 Oct 1915 – Opium smuggling. Wairarapa Daily Times. Papers Past.

12 Oct 1915 – Big seizure of opium. Ashburton Guardian. Papers Past.

12 Oct 1915 – Haul of opium. Auckland Star. Papers Past.

13 Oct 1915 – Opium smuggling. Papers Past.

5 Jan 1916 – Opium smuggling. Wanganui Chronicle. Papers Past.

5 Jan 1916 – Chinaman and opium. Nelson Evening Mail. Papers Past.

5 Jan 1916 – Chinamen and opium. Colonist. Papers Past.

24 Jan 1916 – Chinese stock of opium. NZ Herald. Papers Past.

29 July 1916 – Mysterious murder. Northern Advocate.

29 July 1916 – Mysterious murder. Marlborough Express.

3 Aug 1916 – The NZ military service bill. The Manchester Guardian 1901-1959 UK.

15 Aug 1916 – Chinese opium smugglers. Marlborough Express. Papers Past.

1917-1918 – Capture of the US schooner Winslow in June 1917. SMS Wolf was a German navy warship which returned to Kiel Germany 24 Feb 1918 with crew and 600 prisoners all ill with scurvy. SMS Wolf German navy 1918. (NZ Memories Dec Jan 2012 2013).

1917-1918 – 2 June 1917 NZ, SS Wairuna Raoul island. The 5^th victim of the Imperial German navy SMS Wolf armed merchant vessel. From April to June 1917 Wolf was in Australia and NZ waters. Wolf laid minefields off the NZ coast on the tip of the North Island. Loss of steamer Wimmera in July 1918. (NZ Memories Dec Jan 2012 2013).

1917-1928 – Nana Chhiba, a Hindu was born on 19 Jan 1900 in Surat Bombay, he arrived in NZ in 1917. In 1917 the Chhiba brothers sailed to NZ, Wanganui, In 1927 Nana returned to the India village of Mataud in Bombay. He returned to NZ, 1926 fruit store in the Taranaki town of Hawera. Returned to NZ in May 1928, and was donating fruit to the poor. (Shot in the dark. Scott Bainbridge ©2010 NZ).

14 March 1917 – Chinese and opium. Evening Post. Papers Past.

21 May 1917 – International Socialist conference. Wanganui Chronicle. Papers Past NZ.

22 June 1917 – The Socialist Internationale. Colonist. Papers Past NZ.

1918 – NZ Marxian association founded in 1918 Marxist party in New Zealand.

1918 – War in Europe, a memorial for 48 New Zealanders, whose bodies were never found, most of the Nzers were killed at the beginning of the war. 1916-17. Grave memorials are in Belgium. (NZ genealogist July Aug 2011).

27 Jan 1919 – International Socialist Delegation. Marlborough express. Papers Past NZ.

7 Feb 1919 – International Socialist conference. Colonist. Papers Past NZ.

6 Oct 1919-1 Apr 1921 – On 6 Oct 1919 Constable Vivian Duddy was shot dead in Wellington. Passing of the Arms Act in 1920. Register firearms was required by 1 April 1921. 200,000 firearms were registered. Many were not. (Shot in the dark. Scott Bainbridge ©2010 NZ).

18 March 1920 – Ponsonby murder. Evening Post.

21 June 1920 – Ponsonby murder. Evening Post.

21 June 1920 – Ponsonby murder. Marlborough express.

18 Nov 1920 – A corpse missing. Marlborough Express.

19 Nov 1920 – Timaru murder. Marlborough Express.

16 Dec 1920 – Trade in opium. Ashburton Guardian. Papers Past.

July-Sept 1921 – 17 July 1921 Albert Prosser Auckland boxers found the body and told police. The deceased was Francis Edward Jew aged 19. The inquest into the death of Francis Edward Jew opened in Auckland magistrates court on 12 Sept 1921. On 16 July 1921 he had been beaten with a batten. (Shot in the dark. Scott Bainbridge ©2010 NZ).

27 August 1921 – Murder of policeman James Dorgan outside a Timaru drapery. He was shot dead and the killer was never found. (NZ crime timeline).

27-30 Aug 1921 – Death recorded on 27 Aug 1921, 37 year old constable James Dorgan. Funeral for James Dorgan was held on 30 Aug 1921 in Timaru. (Shot in the dark. Scott Bainbridge ©2010 NZ).

28 Dec 1921 – Murder mystery. Ashburton Guardian.

1922-23 – William Oates was released from hospital on 2 Nov 1923. Unsolved murder of an elderly Chinese market gardener named Chow Yat, shot dead a year earlier. Inquest into the murder of Margaret Emily Oates was held in Wanganui district court on 23 Nov1923. Murder unsolved, 26 Oct 1923 at her residence. (Shot in the dark. Scott Bainbridge ©2010 NZ).

1 May 1923 - Smuggling of opium. Press. Papers Past.

24 Aug 1923 – Smuggled opium. Northern Advocate. Papers Past.

25 Aug 1923 – Smuggled opium. Auckland Star. Papers Past.

25 Aug 1923 – Opium smuggler caught. NZ Herald. Papers Past.

17 Sept 1923 – Murder mystery. Hawera Normanby Star.

14 Nov 1923 – Chinese fined 30 pounds. NZ Herald. Papers Past.

17 Nov 1923 – Opium smokers. NZ Truth. Papers Past.

30 Jan 1924 – Socialist international. Evening Post. Papers Past NZ.

11 Feb 1924 – Opium raid. Auckland Star. Papers Past.

16 July 1924 – Chinamen fined for opium smoking. Papers Past.

25 July 1924 – Opium smuggling. Auckland Star. Papers Past.

16 Sept 1924 – Smuggled opium. Hawera Normanby Star. Papers Past.

8 Oct 1924 – Another haul of opium. Papers Past.

17 Nov 1924 – Smuggled opium. Northern Advocate. Papers Past.

2 Dec 1924 – Chinamen fined. Hawera Star. Papers Past.

1925 – Police Gazette. Ellen and Frederick Mouat in Christchurch. Ellen was missing and Frederick was accused of her murder. (NZ genealogist Jan Feb 2011).

1925-37 – Disappearance of Nellie Mouat in Christchurch in 1925. Her husband Fred was charged and convicted of her murder. Fred was released in 1937 after 12 years of hard labour. (Shot in the dark. Scott Bainbridge ©2010 NZ).

23 Jan 1925 – Opium traffic. Evening Post. Papers Past.

9 Feb 1925 – Opium traffic. Evening post. Papers Past.

16 Feb 1925 – Arms and opium. Evening Post. Papers Past.

23 July 1925 – Smuggled opium. Press. Papers Past.

1 Feb 1926 – Chinese and opium. Evening Post. Papers Past.

20 May 1926 – Opium smuggling. Press. Papers Past.

16 Sept 1926 – Child welfare in NZ. The Manchester Guardian 1901-1959 UK.

1927-38 – Rewi Alley, NZ writer, Marxist working in Shanghai, friend of spy Agnes Smedley. Rewi Alley was a factory inspector in Shanghai from 1927 to 1938. Rewi Alley remembered Hollis in China. (Too secret too long. p12. Chapman Pincher. ©1984 US).

8 March 1927 – Chinaman with opium. Auckland Star, Papers Past.

21 April 1927 – Rewi Alley from Canterbury, arrived in China, where he stayed until his death 60 years later. He died on 27 Dec 1987. (On this day in NZ. Ron Palenski ©2010).

20 June 1927 – Murder mystery. Auckland Star.

11 July 1927 – Chinese with opium. Auckland Star, Papers Past.

18 July 1927 – Chinese smoking opium. Auckland Star. Papers Past.

15 Nov 1927 – Gwen Scarff, Cashmere Christchurch. The criminal sessions at Christchurch supreme court, Murder unsolved. (Shot in the dark. Scott Bainbridge ©2010 NZ).

1928 – The Elsie Walker case rocked the Te Puke community in 1928. Her disappearance, an unsolved mystery. 1928 newspaper clippings. (NZ Memories p53 Dec Jan 2014).

1928-29 –5 Oct 1928 Auckland Elsie Walker, aged 17, disappeared several nights before she was found dead. A girl abused? Elsie could not drive. On 8 Oct 1928 Elsie Grace Walker was buried at Purewa cemetery. Elsie Walker disappeared on 1 Oct 1928. The inquest in Auckland magistrates court on 10 Jan 1929. No arrests were made. (Shot in the dark. Scott Bainbridge (c)2010 NZ).

20 Aug 1928 – Opium traffic. Evening Post. Papers Past.

1 Oct 1928 – Elise Walker aged 17, her dumped body was found in Taranaki on 1 Oct 1928. (Tauranga murders in history. 23 Sept 2014 Sun Live).

2-5 Oct 1928 – Elsie Walker, 17 years old, died on 2 Oct 1928, Papamoa near Te Puke Tauranga. Her body was found later on 5 Oct 1928. (By a person or persons unknown. George Joseph ©1989 NZ).

1929 – Murchisen 7.8 quake, a landslide killed 14 people. (NZ newswire Te Ara).

1929-33 – The Wall street stock market crash of 1929, which began the Great Depression. In 1933 there were 80,000 unemployed in NZ. (Shot in the dark. Scott Bainbridge ©2010 NZ).

9 March 1929 – Chinese opium dens. Evening Post. Papers Past.

11 May 1929 – Murder mystery. Auckland Star.

8 Aug 1929 – The NZ earthquake, extent of damage. The Manchester Guardian 1901-1959 UK.

26 Aug 1929 – The NZ earthquake, devastated areas. Manchester Guardian 1901-1959 UK.

5 Dec 1929 – Opium trafficker fined. Auckland Star. Papers Past.

1930 – World socialist party in New Zealand was set up in 1930. The socialist party of NZ was affiliated to the world socialist movement.

1930-31 – In April 1930, Nana in Hawera, 29 Jan 1931 Nana Chhiba victim in New Plymouth. Walter Tinsley was suspected of murdering Nana Chhiba in Hawera on 31 Jan 1931 he was tried and acquitted. Walter John Tinsley was born in Masterton on 15 Dec 1904. (Shot in the dark. Scott Bainbridge ©2010 NZ).

1930-64 – Costello was at Trinity college Cambridge in early 1930s, in the NZ legation to Moscow from 1944-50, NZ diplomatic service in Paris 1950-55. He died 23 Feb 1964. The two diplomats expelled in NZ were Andraev and Shtyko.

Early 1930s – New Zealander Rewi Alley was a friend of Agnes Smedley. Alley was a Communist/Socialist and a friend of Hollis in China. (Treachery. C Pincher ©2011 UK).

24 Jan 1930 – Smuggled opium. NZ Herald. Papers Past.

15 March 1930 – Smuggling opium. Evening Post. Papers Past.

9 Sept 1930 – Chinaman fined 50 pounds. Auckland Star. Papers Past.

7 November 1930 – Ernie Burr missing Marsden NZ. The identity of a body has never been confirmed nor the cause of death. Burr has not been seen alive since 7 November 1930 West Coast. (Still missing. Scott Bainbridge ©2008 NZ).

1931 – The land district Wellington, Taranaki and Hawkes Bay. The Hawkes Bay Deed indexes and registers were destroyed by the 1931 Napier earthquakes, so there is little available before that date. (NZ genealogist Nov Dec 2011).

1931 – During the Great Depression the 1931 census was cancelled. (NZ genealogist May June 2011).

3 Feb 1931 – Hawkes Bay earthquakes magnitude 7.3 on 13 Feb 1931 Napier Hastings. Hundreds of people were killed or trapped. 256 death toll. 593 people were seriously injured. More than 5,000 people were evacuated. On 3 Feb 1931 earthquake 7.9 Hawkes Bay, Napier, Hastings. (NZ genealogist Jan Feb 2012).

4 Feb 1931 – The NZ earthquake. The Manchester Guardian 1901-1959 UK.

5 Feb 1931 – The NZ earthquake. worlds unstable belt. Prof J W Gregory The Manchester Guardian 1901-1959 UK.

5 Feb 1931 – NZ loss estimated earthquake death toll 1,000. Army of rescuers hard at work. The Manchester Guardian 1901-1959 UK.

7 Feb 1931 – Relief in NZ, order in devastated district. Napier bankrupt, complications of burnt documents. The Manchester Guardian 1901-1959 UK.

10 Feb 1931 - The NZ earthquake, governor general tribute to inhabitants. The Irish Times 1921-curent Dublin Ireland.

11 Feb 1931 – The NZ earthquake official statistics of casualties. The Irish Times 1921-current. Dublin Ireland.

27 Feb 1931 – The NZ earthquake. appeal by former governor general. The Manchester Guardian 1901-1959 UK.

19 March 1931 – NZ legal system. Lawyer Kevin Ryan, Irish ancestry, was born in Westport. (Justice Kevin Ryan ©1997 NZ).

6 April 1931 – Chinese charged. Auckland Star. Papers Past.

13 May 1931 – Murder mystery. Evening Post.

1 June 1931 – NZ earthquake, the task of reconstruction. The Manchester Guardian 1901-1959 UK.

22 Aug 1931 – Chinese and opium. NZ Herald. Papers Past.

30 Oct 1931 – Death of Arthur Blomfield Auckland a  75 year old chemist in a pharmacy, drug related, possible. (Shot in the dark. Scott Bainbridge ©2010 NZ).

10 Dec 1931 – Missing woman’s body. Evening Post.

1932-33 – Oswald Laurence Coulton aged 24, Australian born. Inquiry into murder of Arthur Blomfield, Auckland 20 March 1932. 15 Oct 1933 Christobal Lakey went missing. Auckland taxi driver James Blair. (Shot in the dark. Scott Bainbridge ©2010 NZ).

3 Sept 1932 – Opium den. Evening Post. Papers Past.

15 Dec 1932 – Chinese fined 40 pounds. NZ Herald. Papers Past.

1933 – The minimum age of marriage was raised to 16 in 1933. Previously it was 14 for males and 12 for females. (Family tree. Dec 2009).

1933-34 – Christobel Lakey was killed by asphyxia. Samuel Lakey disappeared. Bayly was charged with murder of Christobel Lakey on 5 Dec 1933 and on 10 Jan 1934 was charged with murder of Samuel Lakey. Bill Bayly’s trial was on 21 May 1934 in the Auckland supreme court. In Mt Eden prison, then he was executed, hanged. (Shot in the dark. Scott Bainbridge ©2010 NZ).

1933-34 – William Alfred Bayly 3 Nov 1933 arrested and charged with the murder of Samuel Pender Lakey and Christobel Lakey. Date of Bayly’s execution Auckland 20 July 1934. (By person or persons unkown. George Joseph ©1982 NZ).

4 Nov 1933 – Opium growing. Auckland Star. Papers Past.

17 Nov 1933 – Unsolved murder, Christchurch Riccarton. Donald Fraser was born in Queensland Australia in 1892. In 1914 Fraser was charged with a sex assault on a teenage girl. (Shot in the dark. Scott Bainbridge. ©2010 NZ).

1934 – HJ Wilson. The Bayly case. magazine ltd Wellington.

16 April 1934 – Opium den. Auckland Star. Papers Past.

5 Aug 1934 – Truth newspaper article. Bill Bayly had been hanged several weeks earlier and could not be questioned. (Shot in the dark. Scott Bainbridge ©2010 NZ).

1935-36 – Northland, Ernest Severin Nelson, was  born Sweden in 1881 and emigrated to NZ when he was 3 years old. He was shot dead, an unsolved murder. Kaikohe. (Shot in the dark. Scott Bainbridge. ©2010 NZ).

18 May 1935 – Importing opium. NZ Herald. Papers Past.

31 May 1935 – James Brendon “Jim” Bolger was born in Opunake Taranaki. His parents emigrated from Ireland in 1930.Roman Catholics. (Wikipedia. Jim Bolger).

11 Oct 1935 – Gambling in NZ betting and lotteries. The Manchester Guardian 1901-1959 UK.

14 Oct 1935 – Murder mystery. Auckland Star.

10 Feb 1936 – Opium raid. Evening Post. Papers Past.

10 Feb 1936 – Opium den raid. Auckland Star. Papers past.

2 April 1936 – Raid on opium den. NZ Herald. Papers Past.

1937 – No welfare and people had to fend for themselves. The system of them and us. (Justice. Kevin Ryan ©1997 NZ).

1937 – Bill Sutch was born in Lancashire UK in 1907. Sutch came to NZ with his family in 1908. Wellington, Nelson and Wanganui. PHD in New York, Colombia uni. He moved from the US in late 1932. In 1937 he was a NZ government worker. British M15 put Sutch under surveillance. He was NZ delegate to the UN. (NZ mysteries. Nicole McCloy ©2005 NZ).

6 Nov 1937 – Chinese fined 100 pounds. NZ Herald. Papers Past.

1938 – Greengrocer Dalu Desai disappeared without trace in Taharoa. He arrived in NZ in 1911 aged 15. Case of missing Hindu. A reward of 250 pounds, but no info was forthcoming. His body was never found, how he was killed and by who? (Still missing. Scott Bainbridge ©2008 NZ).

4 April 1938 – Chinese charged. Auckland Star. Papers Past.

11 April 1938 – Chinese fined. Auckland Star. Papers Past.

25 May 1938 – Missing Indian. Evening Post.

1939 – An alien enemy within the meaning of the enemy property emergency regulations 1939, estate?.

6 March 1939 – Opium aboard Aorangi. NZ Herald. Papers Past.

15 March 1939 – Opium shops. Evening Post. Papers Past.

3 Sept 1939 – Outbreak of the Second World War. The war ended in the Pacific on 2 Sept 1945. (Practical family history. Feb 2010 p50).