Italy BC to 2015

ITALY

110-57 BC - Library in Rome, General Lucullus. Books in libraries were chained to shelves to prevent theft. (A history of info storage and retrieval. Foster Stockwell ©2001 US).

44 BC – Galus Julius Caesar was assassinated in 44 BC. It was in revenge for the defeat of the Roman general Marcus Licinius Crassus, at the Battle of Carrhae in 53 BC. (History Today. April 2013 UK).

0000 - Jesus Christ was born and lived

AD 79 – Two cities were destroyed by the eruption of mount Vesuvius. (History Today. April 2013 UK).

AD 79 – Mount Vesuvius erupted to overrun the cities of Pompei and Herculaneum with lava. Pliny the Elder got too close and died in the ashes. (A history of info storage and retrieval. Foster Stockwell ©2001 US).

27 Aug AD 79 – Mount Vesuvius eurputed on Pompei and Herculaneum, causing 15,000 deaths. (Chch Star NZ. Today in history p11).

300-313 AD – The Tetrarchs, were the four men who jointly ruled the Roman Empire in AD 300. The system collapsed in 313 AD, divisions of Eastern and Western Roman Empires. (History Today. May 2014 UK).

AD 315 – “Virtual Rome” shows the city as it appeared in AD 315, website. (History Today. May 2014 UK).

2 Jan 366 – The Alamanni cross the frozen Rhine river in great numbers, invading the Roman empire. (Chch Star NZ. 2 Jan 2015. Today in history).

410-489 – Invasion of Italy by the Goths in 410, then the Ostrogoths in 489. Books and learning shifted to the Christian church. (A history of info storage and retrieval. Foster Stockwell ©2001 US).

27 Aug 410 – Rome was overrun by Visigoth under Alaricl. For the first time in nearly 800 years, seen as the fall of the western Roman empire. (Chch Star NZ. Today in history p11).

568 – Albion founded the Lombard kingdom in Italy. (ehistory timeline).

800 – Charlemagne was crowned by the Pope in Rome. (A history of info storage and retrieval. Foster Stockwell ©2001 US).

9^th century – When the Arabs conquered Sicily in the 9^th century they introduced citris fruit trees. (Costa Nostra. John Dickie ©2004 Italy).

26 Sept 1181 – Born Saint Francis of Assisi, Italian founder of Franciscian. Patron saint of animals. Died 1226. (Chch Star NZ 26 Sept 2014).

1282 – Sicily was occupied y the French. (World famous gangsters. Ian Schott ©1994 UK).

1348 – Florence suffered a Black Death epidemic. (Knitting. Joanna MacDonald (c)1962 UK).

1349 – L’Aquila. Timeline of earthquakes.

1450 – The Vatican library was established in 1450, manuscripts and a 350,000 book collection. 50,000 manuscripts, mostly in Latin, 4,000 in Greek. (A history of info storage and retrieval. Foster Stockwell ©2001 US).

5 Dec 1456 – Naples 35,000 killed. Timeline of earthquakes.

1461 – L’Aquila. Timeline of earthquakes.

1492 – Learning about our readers beliefs, values and interests. In 1492 a clever Italian said the world is not flat it is round. So the King and Queen of Spain paid for his trip to the Bahamas. (Writing for a reader. Robert M Brown ©1987 US).

1519 – In Florence Italy knitted waistcoats and knitted stockings were worn. Gloves made of silk. Knitting in silk. In the 16^th century knitting flourished in Florence. (Knitting. Joanna MacDonald ©1962 UK)

1538 – Parish registers from the UK, some survive, many are kept in Rome Italy. (Detective of genealogy. Kathy Chater. Anness ©2005 UK).

4-15 Oct 1582 – Italy end Julian calendar 4 Oct 1582, beginning Gregorian calendar 15 Oct 1582. (Ancestry March April 2007 p21).

14 Jan 1601 – Church government in Rome burns Hebrew books. (Chch Star NZ. Today in history. 14 Jan 2015).

30 July 1626 – Naples 10,000 killed. Timeline of earthquakes.

11 Jan 1693 – Sicily 60,000 died. Quake.Rapture Ready.

1703 – L’Aquila. Timeline of earthquakes.

1707-1813 – Spain invaded Naples in 1707. The roles and rituals of the honoured society came from Freemasons and other Masonic sects. Masonic organisation was integral to the ways of politics in the early 19^th century. Masonic groups were opened to Fascists and were banned in 1813. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

1714 – The National central library in Italy, based on the book collection of Antonio Magliabecci was begun.  (A history of info storage and retrieval. Foster Stockwell ©2001 US).

1738 – In Naples, the Museo di Capodimonte was built in 1738, for the collection that Charles VII inherited from his mother, Elisaetta Farnese. A storehouse of antiquities. Corruption, crime and poverty ran deep in Naples. (History Today. April 2013 UK).

1750s – One collection, Roman Lucius Calpurnius Piso, volcanic ash covered Herculanen. 1750 the library was studied, scrolls in wooded boxes bookcases, most written in Greek or Latin. Some scrolls burned and charred by the volcanic eruption. An original collection of 3,000 scrolls. (A history of info storage and retrieval. Foster Stockwell ©2001 US).

1750 -1850 – Lemons were an export crop in the late 1700s in Palermo. In 1834 more than 400,000 cases of lemons were exported. By 1850 there was 750,000 cases exported.  (Cosa Nostra. John Dickie ©2004 Italy).

1783 – Massive earthquake in southern Calabria, 50,000 people died and there was a series of lethal quakes in 1894, 1905 and 1907. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

4 Feb 1783 – 50,000 killed quake in Calabria. Rapture Ready.

26 July 1805 – Naples and Calabra 26,000 killed. Timeline of earthquakes.

1820 – Masonic secret societies were imported to Sicily from France via Naples. (Cosa Nostra. John Dickie ©2004 Italy).

1820-1905 – Palermo Italy marriages 1820-1895 and births 1896-1905, in Italian. (NZ society of genealogists inc. Nov Dec 2011 p252).

9 Jan 1848 – A peoples uprising took place in Palermo Sicily. (Timeline internet).

1851 – The Camorra began in jail in 1851 or so. The prison extortions. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

1851-1861 – Corruption, Camorra and the prison in Turin 17 March 1861. Naples had half a million population in the 1850’s. Naples did not hide its poor away. Slum dwellers, crowds of beggars, and the child pickpockets of Naples. Naples was so vast and so poor 1857. Corruption, police and bribes 1850’s Camorra and extortion, sex slavery and gambling. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

1853-1862 – The Camorra by Monnier was published in 1862. A guide to the Neopolitan honoured society of the 19^th century. Oct 1853. Liborin Romano asked the Camorra to police Naples. Romano like is father was a Freemason, as were other leaders and Garibaldi too. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

1857-1861 – April 1861 the Camorra began in prison, archives research in Naples. In 1857 the Bourbon government burned the police archives, so there are holes in the history records. Camorra is a Spanish word, Naples. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie. ©2011 Italy).

16 Dec 1857 – Naples 11,000 killed. 6.9 quake Rapture Ready.

1858 – The PM of the northern Italian Kingdom of Piedmont Sardinia. France to Austria, of northern Italy by force. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

6 Feb 1858 – Frightful earthquake in Italy. New Hampshire US.

1860 – Expedition of the Thousand to Sicily. Victor Emanuel was King of Piedmont Sardinia and future King of Italy. (History Today. April 2013 UK).

1860 – Revolution came to Sicily in 1860. The Mafiosi formed a shadow government existing alongside the official bureaucracy. (The mafia at war. Tim Newark. ©2007 Italy).

1860 – The last Bourbon King of Naples left the capital on 6 Sept 1860. Garibaldi took over Naples, extortion and smuggling. 21 Oct 1860 Naples. 16 Nov 1860 Mass arrests of Camorra. 3 Oct 1862 prisoners. 21 Nov 1860 Camorra in the prisons. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

1860 – From Palermo, lemons were shipped to the US. In 1860 Palermo’s lemon plantations were the most profitable in Europe. The mafia of Palermo ran protection rackets. The mafia manipulated and infiltrated the citrus fruit industry. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

1860 – When Garibaldi invaded. All the town police and judicial documents were burned. Sicily. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie. ©2011 Italy).

1860s to 1870s – Palermo and Naples. Sex slave trade. Facial scars, ugly signatures. Control over women. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

2 April 1860 – The first Italian Parliament met at Turin. Italy was unified. The Rothschild banking empire bankrolled Italy’s independence. (internet).

May June 1860 – Camorra Naples slums and sex slavery. 11 May 1860 Thousands of red shirts invaded Sicily. The forces took control of the Sicilian capital Palermo. Corrupt police in Naples. Mobs visited the city’s 12 police stations and broke down the doors, so the Neopolitan police ceased to exist 25 June 1860. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

7 June 1860 – Historical evidence, research records. Lack of evidence. Palermo became an Italian city on 7 June 1860. Before that Sicily was ruled from Naples as part of the Bourbon kingdom. (Cosa Nostra. John Dickie ©2004 Italy).

May Sept 1860 - In May 1860 1,000 red shirt volunteers, the Sicilian capital Palermo. In early Sept 1860 Naples. Italy would be, for the first time in history, one country, Italy would be unified. Camorra power in prisons, the society or honoured society. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

1861 – Palermo had a population of about 200,00 people. It was the political, legal and  banking centre of western Sicily Also the main port. (Cosa Nostra. John Dickie (c)2004 Italy).

26 April 1861 – A group of Camorristi raided the ministry building in a shocking attack. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

1862-1870 – 1862 Garibaldi. Rome was under the Pope. Garibaldi was shot and wounded in Calabria. Rome became the capital of Italy in 1870. (Cosa Nostra. John Dickie ©2004 Italy).

1865 – The Camorra was part of a patronage network. In 1865 the mafia of Sicily invaded Italy’s governing institutions in Naples, so thoroughly as to make it impossible to tell where the mafia ended and the state began. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

1866 – One of the main reasons why the Sicilian mafia was for so long Italy’s most powerful criminal organisation was, because of its ability to perpetuate the illusion that it did not exist. The illusion was first created in the Palermo revolt of 1866. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

1866 -1876 – In 1866 there was a revolt in Palermo, and martial law. In 1876 politicians from the island and a new coalition government in Rome. 1860s monks and nuns were seen in the streets of Palermo. (Cosa Nostra. John Dickie ©2004 Italy).

Sept 1866 – Turi Miceli and his mafia squad. The Palermo report of Sept 1866. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

16 Sept 1866 – Sicily became part of Italy in 1860. Palermo in 1866, the Conca d’Oro was the most lawless place on the island. It was the birthplace of the Sicilian mafia. 16 Sept 1866 criminal records were burned at police stations and law courts. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie (c)2011 Italy).

1870’s - The Sicilian mafia crime organisation had vast power in Italy in the 1870s, and even today, the La Cosa Nostra. (FBI 100 years. Unofficial history. Henry M Holden ©2008 US).

1870-1876 – March 1876 Rome, which had become the capital city of Italy in 1870. In 1876 they said the mafia didn’t exist. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

1871 – The government census records show that 87% of Calabrians could not read or write. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

1871-76 – 1876 commission of inquiry, chief of police of Palemo was Giuseppe Albanese. In 1871 Albanese arranged several murders in concert with the mafia. Lack of evidence. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie (c)2011 Italy).

18 June 1874 – Antonio Gambino was shot dead. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

1876 – The Ndrangheta ritual, from the Sicilan mafia in 1876. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie. ©2011 Iatly).

Nov 1876 – In Sicily, the British manager of a sulphur company was kidnapped in Palermo by the mafia. 30 Jan 1877. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie (c)2011 Italy).

13 Nov 1876 – The British manager of a sulphur company, John Forester Rose was kidnapped outside the town of Lercara Fricdi. The Times UK reported. (Costa Nostra. John Dickie ©2004 Italy).

1877 – Don Calogero Vizzini was head of the Mafia. He was born in the Sicilian town of Villalba in 1877. Don Vito’s death by heart attack in prison meant that Don Calogero Vizzini became head of the Mafia. (World famous gangsters. Ian Schott ©1994 US).

1878 – Salvatore D’Aquila born 1878 Sicily. Died 10 Oct 1928 New York city. (Manhattan mafia guide Eric Farerra ©2011 US).

1880’s – Wellington New Zealand. Italians from Naples, immigrant fishermen. 1880 – 1950. 1940s to 1950s. Stomboli offshore of Naples, Massaburnense. They started arriving from the 1880’s. (NZ Memories Feb March 2014).

1882 – Until 1882 only 2% of the Italian population were allowed to vote. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

25 August 1882 – Rosario Ario Farulla born 25 Aug 1882 Villarosa Sicily. Died Feb 1971 Italy. (Manhattan mafia guide Eric Ferarra ©2011 US).

1884 – In Naples a cholera epidemic struck and 7,000 people died. Reconstruction program after the cholera epidemic of 1884. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

1884-1911 – FM Snowden. Cambridge 1995. Naples in the time of cholera 1884-1911. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

Mid 1880s – 2.5 million cases of citris fruit arrived in New York each year, most from Palermo. (Cosa Nostra. John Dickie ©2004 Italy).

1887 – The Ndrangheta emerged from inside the prison system. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie (c)2011 Italy).

1890-1893 – In 1890 the economy was in recession, several banks failed, including one of Italy’s biggest. Another bank the Banco Romano forged its own money and used the fake cash to buy of politicians. The PM resigned in Nov 1893 after his role in the scandal became public. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

26 Jan 1891 – Frank Costello born 26 Jan 1891 Calabrie Italy. Died 18 Feb 1973 New York city 82 years old of a heart attack. (Manhattan mafia guide Eric Farerra ©2011 US).

21 Feb 1891 – Saverio Russo, a police officer fights the Camorra. He was murdered by a Camorristo he was trying to arrest. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

10 Sept 1891 – Frank Garofalo born 10 Sept 1891 Castellammare Del Golfo Sicily. He arrived in New York City aged 29 on 26 May 1921 on the ship “SS Providence”. In June 1968 Frank Garofalo disappeared. (Manhattan mafia guide Eric Ferarra ©2011 US).

1892 – In Africo village the people spoke Calabrian dialect and Greek or Grecanico an archaic dialect of Greek from the Middle Ages. When Calabria was part of the Byzantine era. Ndrangheta. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie (c)2011 Italy).

1894 – The town of Palmi was reduced to rubble by an earthquake. In 1895 most of the population still lived in temporary shacks. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

1894 – Research and archives in the Ndrangheta heartland of Palmi in the 1880s. The Ndrangheta annual 1894 festival of the Madonna. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

1897 – Alphonso Attardi was born in Porto Empedocle Sicily Italy. He died in 1972 New York USA. (Manhattan mafia guide Weic Ferarra ©2011 USA)_.

24 Feb 1897 – Pesquale Trimboli, Palmi the Calabrian mafia. Both the Neopolitan Camorra and the Calabrian mafia share the same genealogy. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

16 April 1897 – Joseph Biondo was born 16 April 1897 in Barcellona Pozzo di Gotto Sicily. He died on 10 June 1966 in New York City USA. (Manhattan mafia guide Eric Ferarra ©2011 US).

11 Nov 1897 – Lucky Luciano was born in Lercara Fridd Italy. (Wikipedia).

27 Nov 1897 – Vito Genovese was born on 22 Nov 1897 in Naples Italy. Died 14 Feb 1969 Springfield Missouri. Immigrated to New York City about 1914. (Manhattan mafia guide Eric Ferarra ©2011 US).

27 Nov 1897 – Vito Genovese was born in Risigliano Tufino Naples Italy.

1898 – Joseph Biondo emigrated to the US from Italy as a baby in 1898. (Manhattan mafia guide Eric Ferarra ©2011 US).

1898 – Spring, a rise in food prices caused a riot. Cannon fire in the streets of Milan as troops attacked protesters. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

1900 – Bagfuls of official files were smuggled away by bureaucrats keen to cover their tacks. Corrupt system in Italy. A system of political patronage, the high Comorra operated this patronage system. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

1901 – The Whitakers are a British business dynasty who lived in Sicily Palermo. The British community occupied Sicily during the Napoleonic wars. The Whitakers were invited to London for Queen Victoria’s state funeral in 1901. (Costa Nostra. John Dickie ©2004 Italy).

1902 – Albert Anastasia was born Umberto Anatasio in Tropea, a village in Calabria. Umberto Anastasio changed his name to Albert Anastasia. (The Havana mob. TJ English ©2007 UK).

4 July 1905 – Filippo Sacco was born in Esperia Lazo Italy. John Roselli.

6 June 1906 – Much of Torre del Greco was still smothered in ash from a recent volcanic eruption. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

22 Feb 1907 – Natale Evola born 22 Feb 1907 Sicily. Died 28 Aug 1973 Brooklyn New York. Immigrated to New York City on the “SS Indiana” on 3 June 1913. (Manhattan mafia guide Eric Ferarra ©2011 US.)

18 Oct 1907 – Matildo Buia was born 18 Oct 1907 in Castellammare Sicily. He died on 23 Nov 1988 in New York City USA. (Manhattan mafia guide Eric Ferarra ©2011 US).

16 Nov 1908 – Joseph Cataldo was born 16 Nov 1908 in Basilicata Italy. He died July 1980 in New York City USA. (Manhattan mafia guide Eric Ferarra ©2011 US).

28 Dec 1908 – Messina 70,000 killed 7.5 quake. Rapture Ready.

28 Dec 1908 – 100,000 killed. Messina Sicily. Timeline of earthquakes.

28 Dec 1908 – A massive earthquake destroyed Messina, Reggio Calabra and the towns and villages of Napromonte. 80,000 people died. Many of the traumatised survivors migrated to the US. San Luca avoided the worst of the 1908 earthquake. Funds allocated to repairing the damage caused by the catastrophic earthquake of 1908. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

1909 – Jack Petrosino was an American detective who went to investigate the Mafia in Italy in 1909. Don Vito in Palermo shot and killed Petrosino. (World famous gangsters. Ian Schott ©1994 UK)

1909-1920 – Don Vito Casco Ferro was the Palermo Mafia boss from Sicily to Marseilles France, to America. Vito lived in New York City briefly. (The Mafia at war. Tim Newark ©2007 Italy).

14 Jan 1909 – The Italian earthquake. Aberdeen Daily journal Scotland.

12 Nov 1909 – Alfred Joseph Embarrato born 12 Nov 1909 in Adrano Sicily. Died 21 Feb 2001 Fairfax Virginia. Immigrated to New York City on 19 Nov 1914 aged 5 on the “Taormina”. (Manhattan mafia guide Eric Ferarra ©2011 US).

13 June 1911 – Thomas Vito Michael Eboli was born 13 June 1911 in Scisciano Italy. Died 16 July 1972 Brooklyn New York. Unsolved murder. (Manhattan mafia guide Eric Ferarra ©2011 US).

1915-1921 – In 1918 tens of thousands of soldiers came back from the war. Italy entered the war in 1915. In 1919 Mussolini and the Socialists were the largest parties in the chamber of deputies. Italy’s parliament in Rome. Unrest continued into 1920, in 1921 the Socialists lost a third of their seats in the chamber of deputies and the Fascists won 38 seats. Among the new deputies was Mussolini. (The mafia at war. Tim Newark ©2007 Italy).

13 Jan 1915 – Avezzano 29,800 killed. Timeline of earthquakes.

8 July 1915 – German spies in Italy. The Times London UK.

19 Oct 1917 – Italian politics. Dominion. Papers Past NZ.

19 Oct 1917 – Italian parliament. Colonist. Papers Past NZ.

1919-1925 – Fascism was founded in 1919 by war veterans in Milan. Fighting the red menace. On 3 Jan 1925 Mussolini declared himself dictator. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

23 April 1919 – Socialist disorders in Italy. Hawera Normanby Star. Papers Past NZ.

23 April 1919 – Disorders in Italy. Colonist. Papers Past NZ.

4 March 1920 – Italian Socialist envoy. Evening Post. Papers Past NZ.

June 1921 – Economic and political unrest rocked Italy. Followers of Benito Mussolini clashed with leftist strikers. US ambassador Robert Johnson. Richard Child and Warren G Hardy ambassadors to Italy. Mussolini defenders included Thomas Lamont of JP Morgan. (The untold story of the US. Oliver Stone ©2012 US).

May Oct 1922 – In May 1922, 20,000 Fascists invaded Bologna, the Socialists increased violence and general strikes in major cities in northern Italy. The Fascists broke the strikes. Black shirts of Mussolini, the centre of government in Rome. In Oct 1922 the Fascists took control of the towns and government buildings in northern Italy. 26,000 Fascists marched onto Rome. (The mafia at war. Tim Newark (c)2007 Italy).

Nov 1922 – Cesare Mori, the Fascists in power. He resigned his office in Bari and went to Florence. Cesare Mori spent the next 18 months writing his first book about the mafia in Sicily. An account of the mafia was published in 1933. Mussolini took power in 1922, a speech to the chamber of deputies 16 Nov 1922. (The mafia at war. Tim Newark ©2007 Italy).

11 May 1924 – Mussolini went to Sicily. Fascist leader Alfredo Cucco speech at Agrigento, Mussolini. A Mafioso called Don Ciccio Cuccia drove in the same car as Mussolini. (The mafia at war. Tim Newark ©2007 Italy).

June 1924 – Murder of left wing leader Giacomo Matteotti. 5 black shirts put him into a car, went to a block of flats, beat him to death and dumped him outside Rome. (The mafia at war. Tim Newark. ©2007 Italy).

1927-29 – In 1928 half of all Chicago’s Italian immigrants were from Sicily. From 1927 to 1929 there were major trials of the mafia. Hundreds of mafiosi were jailed in Palermo. There were 223 murders in 1922 and only 5 in 1928. Kidnappings had disappeared. In 1928 Richard Washburn Child was a former American ambassador to Italy. (The mafia at war. Tim Newark ©2007  Italy).

1929-32 – Don Vito Cascio Ferro, the Palermo Mafia boss, was arrested in 1929 for smuggling, he died in prison in 1932. (The Mafia at war. Tim Newark ©2007 Italy).

1930 – Mount Storomboli erupted and hurled 30 ton rocks onto houses 3km away, and caused a tidal wave as the island mountain rose. (PacDisc spring 96 p30 timelines internet)

23 July 1930 – Earthquake struck Ariano 1,500 people were killed (mc 7/23/02 timelines internet).

23 July 1930 – Earthquake strikes Ariano Italy, 1,500 killed. (Christchurch Star NZ).

23 July 1930 – Ariano 1,500 killed. Timeline of earthquakes.

June 1934 – 400 mafia were arrested in Calabria for extortion. (The mafia at war. Tim Newark ©2007 Italy).

3 Sept 1934 – Gianfranco Tizzoni was born in Nettuno Italy. He was Robert Trimbole’s partner selling drugs in Australia. (Crims in grass castles ©2009 Keith Moor Aust).

Sept 1939 – Soviet Nazi pact of Sept 1939. Persons of German, Italian and Communists. (FBI 100 years. Unofficial history. Henry M Holden ©2008 US).

1943 – Invasion of Sicily. Lucky Luciano, the American invasion restored the mafia to its pre-Fascist-era power, and left them the de facto government of much of Italy. (Money and power ©2001 S Denton R Morris US).

1943 – American and British members of TICOM in occupied Italy. After the Italian surrender in 1943, there were 80 Italian code breakers under major Barbieri continued to work for the Germans at a station near Brescia in northern Italy. British captain Edmund Wilson had conversations with commander Cianchi head of the Italian cryptographic bureau in Rome in 1943. (GCHQ. Richard J Aldrich ©2010 UK).

1943 – Luciano Leggio and the Corleonesi Mafia clan were in the Sicilian town of Corleone. (The history of organised crime. Davis Southwell (c)2006 UK).

1943 – A deal between Lucky Luciano of Sicily and the US military. The Mafia assisted the allied invasion of Sicily. The Mafia gained power in Italy. (The history of organised crime. David Southwell ©2006 UK).

1943-44 – Between late 1943 and mid 1944 the Italian Communist party membership had doubled. (Mafia pdf).

1943-44 – In Italy Vito Genovese changed sides. New York mafia exile left the Fascists 8 Nov 1943. An American citizen who acted as a translator for the US military officials. Jan to June 1944 Vito Genovese interpretor. The black market, Comorra. Norman Lewis was n Italian speaking British intel officer in Naples in 1944 18 April 1944. (The Mafia at war. Tim Newark (c)2007 Italy).

Jan-May 1943 – The desire to invade Sicily was made in Morocco in Jan 1943. Winston Churchill and Franklin D Roosevelt. The US Naval intel invasion of Sicily was called ‘Operation Husky’. May 1943. (The Mafia at war. Tim Newark ©2007 Italy).

9 July 1943 – Operation Husky. Allied armada of 2,500 ships and landing in Sicily. 181,000 men from the US, UK and Canada armies. (The mafia at war. Tim Newark ©2007 Italy).

9 July 1943 – 160,000 Allied troops landed in Sicily. Italy’s mafialand Palermo. (Mafia pdf).

10 July 1943 – The Allies landed on the south coast of Sicily. British, Canadian and American troops. (World famous gangsters. Ian Schott ©1994 UK).

Sept 1943 – Naples city was battered by air raids that left 200,000 people homeless. Archives. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

16 Oct 1943 – Jews in Rome are rounded up with over 1,000 sent to Auschwitz. (History place. Holocaust timeline).

1944-48 – The Mafia stronghold of Corleone had 153 murders. Most of the bodies were never recovered. (World famous Gangsters. Ian Schott ©1994 UK).

12 Jan 1944 – Allied intel officers gathered for a meeting in Palermo Italy. (The Mafia at war, Tim Newark ©2007 Italy).

March 1944 – Mount Vesuvius most serious recent eruption, killed 26 people and  shattered dozens of aircraft mid air. (History Today. March 2013 UK).

16 Sept 1944 – Girolamo Li Causi, a left wing leader, spoke to a crowd in Villalba. The Mafia opened fire and wounded Li Causi and 13 others. (World famous gangsters. Ian Schott ©1994 UK).

October 1944 – March 1945 – The Nazis were facing defeat in Europe as the Allies pushed towards victory. Angleton was transferred to Rome Italy as the commanding officer off special counter intelligence unit 2. A detachment of US and UK personel,

 activated towards the end of the war to arrest enemy agents. In March 1945 he was promoted to first lieutenant and made chief of X-2 for all of Italy. At age 27 he was the youngest X-2 branch chief in all of OSS. He was the only American in Italy cleared to share the intelligence secrets of the top secret Ultra. Allied victory in Europe in May 1945.

1945 – Summer, American military were sent to bases in Italy. A major American military base was in Pomigliano Italy, north of Naples. (Ancestry July August 2007 p66).

November 1945 – With 1,771,000 members in Italy by the end of 1945, the Communist party was the largest political party in Italy. (Cold war ©1993 M Walker).

1946 – The history of the Jews of Italy. Cecil Roth. Jewish publication society of America. Sicilian Jewry.

21 Feb 1946 – Vittorio Rizzuto was born in Cattolicia Esaclea, 80 km south of Palermo, Sicily. (Global news Canada. 30 Dec 2013 Amanda Kelly).

End Oct 1946 – An Irgun cell in Italy bombed the British embassy in Rome. In June 1947 the Stern gang, two waves of bombs were posted from underground cells in Italy. (Empire of secrets. Calder Walton ©2013).

1947 – OSS became the CIA. Italy was financially dependent on the US. US and British troops withdrew from Italy in Dec 1947. (The Mafia at war. Tim Newark ©2007 Italy).

Feb 1947 – British operation called Embarras. SOE personnel attempted to limpet mine the Jewish refugee ships to disable them before they could set sail. 1947 they mined five ships in Italian ports, mining boats containing Holocaust survivors. (Empire of secrets. Calder Walton ©2013).

19 December 1947 – One of the first directives passed was NSC 4/A ordered Admiral Roscoe Hillenkoeter, the new director of the CIA to use covert methods to prevent a Communist victory in Italy. The elections of 1948 were a target with propaganda, secret payments and training equipment. (Cold war ©1993 M Walker).

1948 – Elections in Italy. The Communist party got 31% of the vote (Econ 6/11/11 sr p9 timelines internet).

April 1948 – Newly formed CIA manipulate, Italian elections, covert efforts. (We know now. John Lewis Gaddis ©1997 US).

1949 – The Romans. RH Barrow. Pelican original Penguin books. UK.

23 December 1949 – Rocco Barbaro was born in Plati Italy. Marijuana crop on his farm near Griffith Australia. Calabrian mafia. (Crims in grass castles ©2009 Keith Moor Aust.)

Jan 1950 – Italy professor Miglardi arrested for drug trafficking, diverting heroin, under license in France produced in Turin, sold in Italy on the blackmarket. Pedelli, Manucci and Giancarli in the US. (Inside Interpol. Tom Tullett ©1963 UK).

1953 – The Calabrian brotherhood, whose name only appeared in the 1950s. The Ndrangheta, Italy’s third mafia and now its richest and most secretive, spread across the globe. The village of Africo was abandoned in 1953 because of floods. Africo poverty of Calabria and organised crime. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

1953-61 – Mass emigration. Sicily lost one tenth of its population. Some towns became uninhabited. (World famous gangsters. Ian Schott ©1994 UK).

1 Jan 1954 – Antonio Zagari was born. His father was Giacomo Zagari who led the Ndrangheta cell family. The son of a boss grew up near Varese by Italy’s border with Switzerland. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie. ©2011 Italy).

1957 – A meeting arranged by Lucky Luciano between Sicily and American Mafia helped the Sicilians become a major player in the global drug trade. (The history of organised crime. David Southwell ©2006 UK).

May 1957 – FBI report said Anastasia went to Italy and met with Luciano and Joe Adonis, another Mafia deported from the US to Italy. (The Havana mob. TJ English ©2007 UK).

10 Oct 1957 – Joseph Bonanno meeting US and Italian Mafia at a Hotel in Palermo Sicily. Lucky Luciano. Gangsters inc. David Amorusa. 4 Oct 2008. How the Sicilian Mafia flooded the US with heroin.

1958 – A new law shut down state controlled brothels. (SFC 9/25/00 pa12 timelines internet).

1959 – The Bellagio center. Rockefeller foundation Bellagio center in northern Italy. Residence.

June 1959 – Eight men were arrested in Rome for sex trafficking of women and forcing young girls into sex slavery. Italian girls. Nine were underage. Rape and paedophiles. Sex slaves, exploited. White slavery, no consent. (Inside Interpol Tom Tullett ©1963 UK).

1961 – The Fiat cars were called Zhigulis in Russia and Ladas when they went for export. Rolling out of a factory called Togliatti in Italy. A KGB correspondent in Rome Vladimir Volodya Yermakov of Pravda. A KGB journalist Valya Kovanoiv in Italy. Leonid Sergeyevich Kolosov was a KGB agent in Rome in the mid 1960’s. The KGB was directing movimento sociale hiliano MSI and Enrico Berlinguer of the Italian Communist party. (Under cover lives ©1998 H Womack).

1962 – Lucky Luciano died from a heart attack at Naples airport. (The Mafia at war. Tim Newark ©2007 Italy).

1962-66 – A deal between Italy and the Soviet Union whereby Fiat helped them build a giant car factory on the river Volga at a place called Togliatti, after the Italian Communist party leader Palmiro Togliatti.  In 1962 Mario Alicata was editor of the Communist newspaper Unita. In 1963 the left was led by Enrico Berlinguer who seized power in Italy. The US had military bases in Italy. Building an auto plant to produce cheap cars for the Soviet market. Fiat was the Soviet governments partner. In spring 1966 a study of Fiat by Soviet journalist Marietta Shaginyan .Villorio Valetta was general director of Fiat in Italy. A general strike was held. (Undercover lives ©1998 H Womack).

Jan 1962 – Lucky Luciano was at Naples airport to meet with n American film producer. Luciano dropped dead of a heart attack in the airport lounge. (World famous gangsters. Ian Schott ©1994 UK).

26 January 1962 – Lucky Luciano dies of a heart attack in Naples Italy, possible poisoning. (Wiki organised crime timeline).

26 Jan 1962 – Lucky Luciano died in Naples Italy. He was buried on 7 Feb 1962 at St John cemetery in New York US.

26 Jan 1962 – Lucky Luciano died in Naples aged 64. (Wikipedia).

26 Jan 1962 – Lucky Luciano had just met with American Martin Gosch, then he became sick and had a heart attack and died at 65 years old.

13 June 1962 – Simone Scozzan underboss of the Los Angeles crime family is deported to Italy. (Wiki organised crime timeline).

October 1962 – The death of Enrico Mattei the president of the National oil company Ente Nazionale Idrocarburi ENI in Sicily Italy. (Undercover lives ©1998 H Womack).

October 1962 – At the beginning of the 1960’s countries benefiting from the Marshall plan were banned from supplying certain goods to the Soviet Union. Drilling equipment for oil and gas, and pipes to carry fuel. Enrico Mattei supplied pipes in exchange for Soviet gas. He had plans to supply the Soviet Union with more equipment in exchange for Soviet oil. In 1967 a journalist from local paper Ora said Mauro de Mauro was investigating the murder of the Italian king of oil. (Undercover lives ©1998 H Womack).

28 Oct 1962 – The plane of Enrico Mattai, Italian industry figure, crashes in mysterious circumstances. Historyorb.com.

1964 – Norman Lewis. The honored society. New York Putman.

25 May 1964 – Not de classified until the 1990s. Wikipedia. Piano Solo was a plot for an Italian coup in 1964. Giovanni de Lorenzo CIA station in Rome and Renzo Rocca of the Gladia military secret police SID. 25 May 1964 the Communist party. Aldo Moro 26 June to 27 July. Operation Gholio. Journalist Eugenio Scalfari and Lino Jannuzzi 1967 at L’Espresso.

July 1964 – 76 – Prosecutor general Villorio Occorsio said the there was a plot code named Piano Solo, to seize power in Italy. Many people who knew about Piano Solo died unnatural deaths. Found shot or were involved in suspicious car accidents. Occorsio was murdered in 1976. Nicola Gentile died in December 1964 of a heart attack in Sicily. (Undercover lives ©1998 H Womack).

23 July 1968 – El Al airliner from Rome to Tel Aviv was hijacked to Algiers. The hostages were held for five weeks then released in return for two Palestinians, one Syrian hijacker and 16 prisoners.

29 August 1969 – TWA flight 840 from Rome to Athens was hijacked to Damascus it was destroyed after the hostages were freed. Injuries unknown.

August 1972 – El Al Rome baggage car bomb.

16 August 1972 – El Al flight Rome to Tel Aviv bomb in luggage compartment. Two suspects were arrested in Rome then freed.

4 April 1973 – Attack on an El Al plane at Rome was foiled. Two people were arrested and deported to Lebanon.

27 April 1973 – A civilian clerk was murdered at an El Al desk at Rome airport by Palestinians.

17 June 1973 – A car bomb exploded near Rome El Al desk. Two Arabs were injured and freed without trial.

5 September 1973 – A planned missile attack at Rome airport was foiled. Five Palestinians were arrested. Two were released on bail with no show for trial.

17 December 1973 – Rome airport attack and hijacking. Five attackers hit a Pan Am 707 with grenades. They herded five Italian hostages into a Lufthansa airliner and killed an Italian customs agent, then forced the plane to fly to Beirut.

17 December 1973 – Attack and hijack at Rome airport. Five terrorists pulled weapons from their luggage in the terminal building, killing two people. Then they attacked a Pan Am 707 bound for Beirut and Tehran, destroying it with grenades and killing 29 people, including four senior Moroccan officials and 14 American employees of Aramco. Then they herded five Italian hostages into a Lufthansa airliner and killed an Italian customs agent as he tried to escape. Then they forced the pilot to fly to Beirut. No group claimed responsibility.

1974 – The last testament of Lucky Luciano by Martin Gosch and Robert Hammer published in 1974. Years after Charles Luciano’s dearth. Little Brown and co.

Late 1970s – Intel news. 28 April 2014. Ian Allen. Israeli spy Jacob Yakuba Cohen was for three years in Milan Italy.

1976 – Soviet defector Golitsyn’s daughter died of a drug overdose in Italy.

6 May 1976 – Earthquake in northern Italy near the Austrian Yugoslav borders. More than 1,000 people were killed and 80,000 left homeless. (Timeline internet).

1978 – The Italian red brigades kidnapped and murdered the former Italian PM Aldo Moro. Their financial manager was Giuseppe Alessandrini, a businessman. Nicola Gentile was a mafia KGB in Italy who had lived in the US. (Undercover lives ©1998 H Womack).

16 March 1978 – Kidnapping of Italian PM Aldo Moro. He was seized by the red brigade and assassinated 55 days later. Two people were killed.

20 March 1979 – In Rome the mafia killed Mino Pecorelli a magazine editor and  journalist (timelines internet).

20 March 1979 – Carmine mino Pecorelli a 50 year old journalist was assassinated in his office in the via Orazio in Rome. Mafia suspected. Unsolved crime. (The annals of unsolved crime EJ Epstein ©2012 US).

1980 – SISDE Italy’s domestic intel agency “the system”. The 1980 earthquake devastated the Lauro valley. 100 billion lire was given for the rebuild funds and corruption. (Gomorrah, the other mafia. Roberto Saviano ©2007 Italy).

1980 – The Camorra used millions of dollars in government funds, which were  intended to “rebuild” Naples after the Irpinia earthquake. They used the funds to invest in business in Europe. (The history of organise crime. David Southwell ©2006 UK).

1980s – A store of info on the mafia’s early years was contained in a report on the mafia from PM Pelloux. It remained hidden in the archives until the 1980’s. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie. ©2011 Italy).

1980s – “The system”, has reached every corner of the globe. China and Italy. Business and trade. The Nuove Camorre organizzate or New organized Camorra. It was set up by Raffaele Cutolo in the 1980s. A huge company or business. (Gomorrah. Italy’s other Mafia. Roberto Saviano ©2007 Italy).

Nov 1980 – A devastating earthquake hit Campania. Rebuild contractors and the Mafia. (The history of organised crime. David Southwell ©2006 UK).

23 November 1980 – 2,600 people were killed by a series of earthquakes in southern Italy (AP 11/23/27 timelines internet).

23 Nov 1980 – 2,600 killed, series of quakes. Timeline of earthquakes.

1981 – The terror network. The secret war of international terrorism. Claire Sterling. London UK Weidenfeld and Nicolson.

1981-89 – The Cali cartel and the Italian Mafia 1981 the Camorra branch of the Mafia  worked with the Cali cartel. The Camorra had a well established heroin in business in Europe, that could handle cocaine as well. The Camorra, $40 million from the Colombian’s. In 1989 two labs in Italy, 267kilos of cocaine base. (Drug barons. Paul Copperwaite ©2010 US UK).

Summer 1981 – Pope John Paul assassination attempt. One person was wounded.

24 February 1981 – A machine gun attack in Italy wounded five people.

13 May 1981 – An agent named Mehmet Ali Agca, a young Turk, who may have plotted to kill Walesa in a January 1981 visit to Rome. He did shoot and almost kill the Pope in St Peters square on 13 May 1981. Agca had ties to the Bulgarian intelligence. The Bulgarians needed Moscows approval. (Cold war ©2005 Gaddis).

13 May 1981 – Mehmet Ali Agca shot pope John Paul 4 times, the pope survived. Evidence that Agca had been working for the Bulgarian intel service on behalf of the KGB. (The annals of unsolved crime. EJ Epstein ©2012 US).

1982 – Italian red brigade terrorists kidnapped US Army Brigadier General James Dozier. The Italians rescued him. (Americas wars ©2003 P Huchthausen).

1983 – Mafia peasants and great estates. Society in traditional Calabria. Pino Arlacchi.

1983 – A rise in mafia violence in Palermo Italy. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

22 June 1983 – Emanuela Orlandi daughter of Vatican bank executive disappeared boarding a bus to Vatican city Italy. (The annals of unsolved crime EJ Epstein ©2012 US).

1984 – Assassination in Rome of Leamon Hunt Un DG.

25 October 1984 – A diplomat from the UAE was assassinated in Rome.

1985 – Authorities arrested a group of kidnappers who were abducting children from gypsy families for sale abroad to Italians and Americans in Rome and Paris. (A history of the gypsies of eastern Europe and Russia. David M Crowe. ©2007).

1985-91 – A mafia drug war this time claimed the lives of about 600 people. Giovanni Tegano a senior mafia in Reggio Calabria was a key participant. (Econ 5/8/10/54, internet).

July 1985 – Max Rabb was the US ambassador to Italy. The capture of the Achille Lauro terrorists. (Inside the NSC ©1988 C Menges).

23 September 1985 – Italian journalist Giancarlo Siani (born 1959) was killed after he wrote investigative reports about the mafia in Naples daily ll Mattino. (Timelines internet)

7 October 1985 – Achille Lauro hijacking. Four Palestinian liberation front terrorists seized the Italian cruise liner in the eastern Mediterranean sea. They took more than 700 hostages. One US passenger was killed before the Egyptian government offered the terrorists safe haven in return for the hostages freedom. One person was killed and three others wounded. The CIA linked these terrorist acts to Libya.

27 December 1985 – Airports in Rome and Vienna were attacked. Five Americans were among those who died. The CIA linked these terrorist acts to Libya. (Americas wars ©2003 P Huchthausen)

27 December 1985 – Airport attacks in Rome and Vienna. Four gunmen belonging to the Abu Nidal organisation attacked the El Al and TWA ticket counters at Rome’s Leonardo da Vinci airport with grenades and automatic rifles. Thirteen people were killed and 75 wounded before Italian police and Israeli security guards killed three of the gunmen and captured the fourth. Rome airport bomb.

27 December 1985 – Assailants open fire with automatic weapons and throw grenades at the check in counters of USD airliner TWA and Israeli carrier El Al at Fiumicino international airport in Rome killing 16 and injuring 80.

27 December 1985 – Two terrorist groups with automatic weapons and hand grenades attacked civilian airports in Rome and Vienna. 132 people were killed and wounded including 7 Americans. (Inside the NSC ©1988 C Menges).

1986 – James Edward Miller. The US and Italy 1940-1950 the politics of diplomacy and stabilization. Chapel Hill uni of north Carolina press.

January 1986 – Italy banned further arms sales to Libya. (Americas wars ©2003 Huchthausen).

10 February 1986 - The largest mafia trial in history with 474 defendants opened in Palermo Italy. (HN 2/10/97 internet).

18 March 1986 – Michele Sindona died in prison in Rome of cyanide poisoning. He was a financier for the pope. (The annals of unsolved crime EJ Epstein ©2012 US).

2 April 1986 – Two US passengers aboard a TWA Boeing 727 from Rome to Athens were killed, by the explosion of a bomb placed under a seat. Nine others were injured.

8 April 1986 – An explosion aboard a TWA flight from Rome was caused by a terrorist bomb. Four Americans were killed and Libya was implicated. (Americas wars ©2003 Huchthausen).

1987-88 – Tizzone was living in Foligno Italy Perugia. Ndrangheta HQ was in Plati. Tizzone died in Foligno in 1988. (Smack express. Clive Small ©2010 Australia).

1988 – Archives and research. Isaia Sale’s essays. La Camorra Le Camorre Rome. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

14 April 1988 – Naples USO attack. The organisation of Jihad brigades exploded a car bomb outside a USO club in Naples Italy killing one US sailor.

Late 1989 – BNL officials met with US ambassador to Italy regarding the BNL scandal.

1990 – In Naples $60 million disappeared in incomplete construction sites for the soccer world cup. (timelines internet).

1990 – Claire Sterling. Octopus. The long reach of the international Sicilian Mafia. New York and London.

1990s – In the 1990s Ndranghetisi, European cocaine market dealing with South American cartels. Ndrangheta were in Germany, Switzerland, Canada, Australia and other places. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie. ©2011 Italy.)

1990s – Money laundering for the Cali cartel. Italy’s Servicio Centrale Operativo SCO and SISDE seized $1 million and arrested 21 members of two Italian Mafia families who worked with the Cali cartel. (Drug barons. Paul Copperwaite ©2010 US UK).

May 1992 – One of the last cases Giovanni Falcone did was the smuggling of 600 kilos of cocaine from Colombia to Sicily. In May 1992 Falcone, his wife and three guards were blown up on a road outside Palermo. (Drug barons. Paul Copperwaite ©2010 US UK).

May July 1992 – On 23 May 1992 in Sicily a car bomb killed anti Mafia magistrate Govanni Falcone. The killing of Palol Borsellino in another car bomb on 19 July 199 2 in Sicily. Anti Mafia for more than a decade. (The history of organised crime. David Southwell ©2006 UK).

23 May 1992 – Judge Giovanni Falcone was killed. He was an anti-Mafia judge. Falcone, his wife and 3 policemen were killed by a bomb, as they drove from the airport to Palermo. (Gomorrah. Italy’s other Mafia. Roberto Saviano ©2007 Italy).

19 July 1992 – Paolo Dorsellino, an  Italian anti-mafia judge, was murdered by the mafia. (MC 7/19/02 internet).

1993 – The boss of bosses, from Palermo, the island’s capital, half of the Cosa Nostra and half of them were based in Palermo. The Palermo commission of Cosa Nostra met in 1993. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie. ©2011 Italy).

Jan 1993 – Salvatore Riina, in Sicily was arrested after more than 20 years on the run. Head of the Corleonesi clan. (The history of organised crime. David Southwell ©2006 UK).

8 January 1993 – Sicily journalist Beppe Alfano (born 1945) was killed by the mafia. (timelines internet).

27 May 1993 – Italian police arrested mafia boss Benedetto “Nitto” Santapaola. (timelines internet).

27 May 1993 – Mafia car bomb at the Uffizi gallery in Florence. (The history of organised crime. David Southwell ©2006 UK).

1994 – A concise history of Italy. Christopher Duggan. Google books.

1994 – Roberto Pannunzi Italian mafia was arrested in Colombia. He has links to Colombian cartels for trade in cocaine. He was extradited to Italy and released. Heart attack disappeared in 2009. (timelines internet).

19 March 1994 – Comorra, Madonna. Don Peppino in church, two bullets hit him in the face, other bullets hit him in the head, neck and hand. He was 36 years old. (Gomorrah, the other mafia. Roberto Saviano. ©2007 Italy).

6 Sept 1994 – Alliance between the Cali cartel and the Italian Mafia. Italians arrested crime boss Pasquale L Locatelli in Spain on 6 Sept 1994. The Locatelli were in France, Romania, Croatia, Spain, Italy and Canada sent ships to Colombia to pick up cocaine for North Africa, then smuggled into Europe in the early 1990s. (Drug barons. Paul Copperwaite ©2010 US UK).

1995 – Italian genealogical records and ecclesiastical. Trafford R Cole google books Ancestry inc POBox 476 Salt Lake city Utah 841100476 USA.

1995 – Italian genealogical records and how to use them. Italian record keeping history and development. Trafford R Cole (google books).

1995 – The Italian port Gioia Tauro began handling container ships. The local mafia ‘Ndranghetta extorted $1.50 for every container. (timelines internet).

1995 – A plot of envious Marxist/Socialist judges, harm a civil power, silenced. (Gomorrah, the other mafia. Roberto Saviano ©2007 Italy).

1 May 1995 – Mafia fighting in Italy. The New York Times. In 1992 Salvatore Toto Riina, the boss of bosses, life sentences from 1992, 94, killings, homocide rates fell.

1996 – PM Giulio Andreotti went on trial for allegedly turning to the mafia to kill journalist Mino Pecorelli in 1979 (timelines internet).

1996 – The Sicilian mafia the business of private protection. Diego Gambetta.

1997 – Six Naples mafia were sentenced to life terms for the murder of journalist Giancarlo Siani in Naples 1985 (timelines internet)

1997 – 2,500 kilos of hashish. 1,020 ecstacy pills and 1,500 kilos of cocaine were seized by police. The Neopolitan cartels of the Abbinates and Nuvolettes managed nearly all synthetic drug traffick in Spain and Italy. (Gomorrah, the other mafia. Roberto Saviano ©2007 Italy).

1997 – Public works, projects in Umbria, reconstruction after the 1997 earthquake. The Casalesi cartel. (Gomorrah, the other mafia. Roberto Saviano ©2007 Italy).

26 September 1997 – In Sicily a court convicted 24 mafia for the 1992 bombing of anti-mafia prosecuter Salvatore Toto Riina (timelines internet)

1998 – Mafia money and politics in Sicily 1950-1997 Rene Seindal.

1998-99 – Defendants in the 1999 trial in Cairo, against the Islamic Jihad Egyptian terror group, provided insights into the Arab Afghan network in Albania. Most of them were employed by Islamic charities in Tirana. Shawki Salama Mustafa the Egyptian that headed al-Qaeda’s Albanian cell ran a racket in Tirana forging identities, passports and birth certificates, which he leaned in 1994 in Sudan. A forging business. Ahmed Ibrahim al-Sayed al-Naggar the Jihad member who was tied to bin Laden in Albania. Smuggling arms and drugs into Europe. They established business ventures with the Italian mafia, which took responsibility for sale and distribution of drugs. Albania became a transhipment point in the drug trade from Afghanistan to Europe.

11 February 1998 – President Yeltsin visited Italy for 3 days $5 billion in trade and investment contracts (timeline internet).

5 May 1998 – A flood in the Lauro valley turned houses into pools and streets into canals. Olga Santanietto drowned. (Gomorrah, the other mafia. Roberto Saviano ©2007 Italy).

2000 – The anti mafia. Italy’s fight against organised crime. Alison Jamieson. New York St Martins press. Worldcat database.

22 Aug 2000 – Italian murders spark calls to name paedophiles. Rory Carroll. The Guardian London UK.

2001 – A history of Italian law. Carlo Calisse. 1921 fascist government 13 Jan 1925 fascist. Google books.

June 2002 – Antonio Siniscalchi was arrested by Naples DDA. Clan boss Biagio Cava was arrested at Nice airport as he was getting on a plane to New York. (Gomorrah, the other mafia. Roberto Saviano ©2007 Italy).

2002 – The Mafia rebuilds after an earthquake hits San Giuliano. (The history of organised crime. David Southwell ©2006 UK).

29 July 2002 – Convicted man loses fight to avoid deportation to Italy. Campbell Roderick. The Canberra Times ACT

2003 – Mafia brotherhoods. Organised crime Italian style. Ndrangheta. Letizia Paoli ebook Oxford New York uni press Worldcat database.

Jan 2003 – Peppe Gala. Giuseppe Gala in Jan 2003, he was found dead in his car. He had been burned alive. (Gomorrah. Italy’s other Mafia. Roberto Saviano ©2007 Italy).

2004 – Cosa Nostra. A history of the Sicilian mafia. John Dickie. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 1-4039-70424. Google books.

28 Jan 2004 – Italy police cocaine ring. Xinhua news agency. The Colombian drug cartels and the Ndrangheta.

Nov 2004 – Dante Passarelli was arrested on 5 Dec 1995, his assets were to be seized by the state, but in Nov 2004 he was found dead. He had fallen from the balcony of one of his houses. His wife found the body, head split open, spine shattered. Because of his death, all the assets which were going to the state returned to the family. Dante Passarelli’s assets were between 300 to 400 million Euros. (Gomorrah, the other mafia. Roberto Saviano (c)2007 Italy).

2006 – Camorristi, politicians the post war Naples. Felia Allum. Leads UK Montana uni press Worldcat database.

2006 – The mafia murdered Giovanni Falcone a prosecuting judge in Sicily who had worked with the FBI’s Louis Freeh on the pizza connection case. Freeh went to Palermo Sicily. When boss of bosses Bernardo Provenzano was arrested in Corleone in 2006 he had been on the run for many years. (FBI a history. Rodris Jeffreys Jones ©2007 US).

2006 – After more than 40 years on the run, police arrested Bernardo Provenzano, the head of the Sicilian Mafia in Corleone. (The history of organised crime. David Southwell ©2006 UK).

2006 – The Bidognetti’s waste management, in alliance with the P2 masonic lodge who dispose of toxic waste. Gelli is a propaganda P2 masonic lodge, the lodge was closed by members in 1976. Licio Gelli and freemasonry. (Gomorrah, the other mafia. Roberto Saviano (c)2007 Italy).

2007 – Crime and justice in medieval Italy. Trevor Dean. Prosecuted crime and sex crimes. Google books.

2007 – The mafia at war. Allied collusion with the mafia. Tim Newark. Geohill books. Declassified intel documents, Eisenhower and the mafia during the allied invasion of Sicily in 1943. ISBN 978-1-85367-672-7.

2007 – Gomorra. Italy’s other mafia. Roberto Saviano. Neopolitan organised crime. Journalist. Camorra. “The system”. ISBN 978-0-230-01776-4.

2007 - The port of Naples. Made in China. Chinese people with Italian names. Triads. Chinese Mafia in Italy too. Chinese factories in China were cooperating with Chinese factories in Italy. (Gomorrah. Italy’s other Mafia. Roberto Saviano ©2007 Italy).

2007 – Campania has the highest murder rate in Italy and the highest in the world. The war that never ends. A war that’s not officially declared and not recognised by the government, and not recorded by reporters. (Gomorrah, the other mafia. Roberto Saviano ©2007 Italy).

2007 – Both bosses have been in hiding for years, the most dangerous Italian fugitives, untraceable. Antonio Iovine and Michele Zagaria. Their system of cover is so effective that it protects them from arrest. No one can catch them. (Gomorrah, the other mafia. Roberto Saviano ©2007 Italy).

2007 – In Italy a historian of the mafia found a report in the Palermo state archives. July 1938 law in Sicily and the big mafia trials in 1932. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

2007 – Francesco Iacomino died aged 33, he fell from a scaffolding. They left him to die in the street, still alive, spitting blood from his lungs. No one called an ambulance. (Gomorrah, the other mafia. Roberto Saviano ©2007 Italy).

2007 – When someone dies on a building site, the dead body is taken away and they fake a car accident. They just put the body in a car and push it off a cliff, setting it on fire first. The insurance money is given to the family. The people causing the accident can be hurt too. (Gomorrah, the other mafia. Roberto Saviano ©2007 Italy).

24 Oct 2007 – The Mafia is Italy’s biggest commercial business. The Independent London UK.

2008 – Gomorrah, a personal journey into the violent empire of Naples organise crime system. Roberto Saviano. Virginia Jewiss. Michael Kramrer. Old Sybrook Tantor media. Worldcat database.

June 2008 – 150 kilograms of cocaine was sent in a container to Melbourne Australia. The drugs were loaded in Italy. (Smack express. Clive Small (c)2010 Australia).

2009 – The discovery in 2009 of a document on Italian organised crime, which was found in Rome’s central state archives. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

2009-2010 – In July 2010 the police arrested more than 300 men, including an 80 year old Domenico Oppedisano who was elected to the Ndrangheta high office in Aug 2009. Discoveries in many unexplored archives. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie ©2011 Italy).

6 April 2009 – 6.3 quake L’Aquila Abruzzo east of Rome killing 292 people. (Aljazeera 15 Oct 2013).

6 April 2009 – La’Aquia 6.3 quake 300 dead (Hindustan Times 2 April 2014).

6 April 2009 – 296 people killed L’Aquila Abruzzoa 65,000 people made homeless. (ABC Australia 6 Feb 2013).

27 April 2009 – Italy’s mafia thrives while the world economy is in meltdown. Int business Times US.

13 July 2010 – Ndrangheta mafia arrested 300 in Italy crackdown. Nick Squires.

2011 – John Dickie. Blood Brotherhoods. The rise of the Italian mafias, history of Italian organised crime. Cosa Nostra. Ndrangheta, Comorra, Calabra. Scptre ©2011 ISBN 978-0-340-963920.

25 May 2011 – One of Italy’s most dangerous mafia bosses arrested. Xinhua news agency. Camorra in the Campania region.

1 July 2011 – Pope John Paul II. International paedophile ring. Catholic.Vatileci.com VATI world.

4 Jan 2012 – Encounters with the Calabrian mafia. Spiegel. Ndrangheta the most powerful crime organisation in the western world.

7 Jan 2012 – Enter the Ndrangheta. Business Insider. Italy Giovanni Tegano aged 70. Ndrangheta in 2010.

20 May 2012 – 7 people killed dozens injured 6.8 quake Bologne. (Aljazeera 15 Oct 2013).

29 May 2012 – 15 people killed 5.8 quake Emilia Romagna. (Aljazeera 15 Oct 2013).

6 July 2012 – Canada 18 Dec 2014. Ontario police bust mafia gang. Regina Leader Post. He went to Sicily on 6 July 2012. Juan Ramos Fernandez went to Italy from Canada.

6 Nov 2012 – Interpol. Historic Interpol general assembly in Rome Italy. Interpol’s 81^st general assembly, the largest ever in the organisations history.

2013 – History of the Mafia. Salvatore Lupo. Google books.

30 April 2013 – BBC UK. Ndrangheta mafia, cocaine smuggling in Europe. Calabrian.

14 July 2013 – Lords of international drug trafficking. Economic times cocaine broker Roberto Pannunzi arrested in Colombia shipped to Rome Italy.

26 July 2013 – Mafia made millions from insurance car crash scam in southern Italy. Financial Mirror, Cyprus.

20 Sept 2013 – Gazetta del Sud 3.5 mn Euros seized from mafia linked Palermo. Italian police wind farm mogul Vito Nicastri money laundered.

 7 Oct 2013 – Mafia targets war veteran journalist Roberto Saviano. Naples Mafia. The local Italy news in English.

6 Feb 2014 – Is the Vatican the hub of an unholy international paedophile ring. Italy Chronicle. UN report on paedophiles. The hub of international paedophile ring.

9 Feb 2014 – Gangsters inc. Mafia boss Messina Denaro. Marcello Viola. State versus Mafia.

4 March 2014 – 40 arrested in mafia. Xinhua news agency. Ndrangheta are the richest mafia, Giuseppe Pensabene.

20 March 2014 – Italy seized 2 tonnes of cocaine in anti mafia operation. Xinhua news agency. Southern region of Calabria. International drug trafficking.

26 March 2014 – Ndrangheta turnover equals Italy’s GDP in 2013. Xinhua news agency. Turnover of Ndrangheta mafia, times GDP in 2013.

26 March 2014 – The Ndrangheta mafia made more last year than McDonalds. The Guardian UK. More than Deutsche bank.

27 March 2014 – Crime does pay. Mafias annual income passes tat of EU. The Independent London. Turnover of Italy’s mafia .

24 April 2014 – Ndrangheta mafia, who’s the boss. The Economist. Ndrangheta Calabrian. No one knows who controls it.

26 April 2014 – Organised crime in Italy. The Economist. Calabrian Ndrangheta.

28 April 2014 – Italy to extradite Mafia boss from Caribbean. Xinhua news agency. Rome. Italian mafia Ndrangheta.

18 June 2014 – Italian police raid mafia strongholds in Palermo 17 arrested. Xinhua news agency. Sicily’s capital city Palermo, drug trafficking.

23 June 2014 – Italy arrests over 90 mafia suspects. Xinhua news agency. Rome extortion, criminal networks.

24 June 2014 – Over 50 Ndrangheta mafia arrested in major police sting. Saudi press agency SPA. Calabrian mafia the Ndrangheta.

24 June 2014 – Cop solve century old case. New York Post. Cops at Palermo Piazza marina, mafia shot him four times killing him.

24 June 2014 – Italian police solve century old mafia killing. Fars news agency. Nostra clans Sicily, solve 100 year old mafia murder mystery.

25 June 2014 – 7 arrested in Italy over mafia post quake works. Xinhua news agency. Finance police arrested 7 people in post quake mafia linked extortion in L’Aquilla.

29 June 2014 – Sex abuse pope problems both simple and complex. Boston Globe. Victims of clerical sex abuse. Paying for sex with underage boys Papal ambassador to the Dominican republic recalled, a Paedophile.

1 July 2014 – Italy mafia control of public works. Xinhua news agency. Milan Marzia de Giuli, mafia Italy public works.

5 July 2014 – Italians lead in adopting Russian kids. The Moscow Times. About half of all Russian orphans adopted by foreigners in 2013 were taken by Italian families according to a report by Russia supreme.

10 July 2014 – Italy worth 10 million Euros. From mafia linked enterprises. Xinhua news agency. Euros 136 million US dollars, mafia Alfonso Letizia.

10 July 2014 – Vatican cleans up scandal hit bank. Stuff.co.nz. Andrew Frye. The Vatican bank. The IOR bank was set up in 1942, the Banco Ambrosiano in 1980s. The Institute for Religious Works or IOR.

14 July 2014 – Now the end begins. Vatican, pope Francis says there are at least 8,000 paedophile priests around the globe. BBC interview. Catholic church.

20 July 2014 – Death of adopted Russian boy sparks outrage. The Moscow Times. Delphia d’Amora. Children’s rights ombudsman Pavel Astakhov. Killing of a five year old Russian boy strangled.

21 July 2014 – Italian police arrest 26 Camorra suspects. Xinhua news agency. Camorra of Campania mafia.

8 Sept 2014 – Italy The Tortellini pact in Europe. Xinhua news agency. Milan Marzia de Giuli. A pact for a Socialist agenda in Europe.

3 Oct 2014 – Mafia boss arrested in Malta. Times of Malta. Police Ray Zammit, Mafia boss Sabastiano Brunno. Malta Independent news.

6 Oct 2014 – 52 arrested in anti mafia operation in Italy. Shanghai Daily. City of Taranto in south. Northern voices online. IANS.

17 Oct 2014 – Two children pushed of tour block by paedophile. The Times London. Police in Naples say murderous paedophile is at large, mafia two children pushed to their death.

17 Oct 2014 – The Guardian UK. Thousands of African children migrants fell to Italian traffickers. 3,000 minors, sex exploitation. Vanishing from homes and shelters. Luca Muzi Catania and Rome.

17 Oct 2014 – Extradition proceedings of mafia boss. Times of Malta. Italian mafia boss Sebastiano Brunno, Sicilian mafia boss. Malta Today.

18 Oct 2014 – A 15 year old girl is kidnapped of the streets of Rome, Missing for 31 years. Mafia. The Toronto Star Ontario Canada. Flavio Carbore. In June 1982 Calvi’s body was found hanging from London Blackfriars.

18 Oct 2014 – A 15 year old girl is kidnapped off the streets of Rome, Unsolved for 31 years. Mafia, East German Stasi and Popes. The Toronto Star. Ontario Canada.

21 Oct 2014 – Vatican library digital archives now available online. Botanews. 4,000 ancient manuscripts. Global IT service NTT DATA.

21 Oct 2014 – 13 arrested, companies raided in Italy in an anti mafia operation. Xinhua news agency. Rome, 50 raids.

23 Oct 2014 – The EU needs biometrics, fingerprints, and a database to monitor migrants, says Italy’s ex FM. RT. Franco Frattini. Foreign fighters and refugees should be under observation.

25 Oct 2014 – The mafia, Communist groups, the pope. Toronto Star. Rome.

28 Oct 2014 – Chronology the Sicilian mafia Italy. Europe online. Rome the Sicilian mafia the Costa Nostra early 1990s.

29 Oct 2014 – Italy govt and unions clash as steel workers. Int business Times UK. Maurizio Landini of the union Italy. Reuters.

6 Nov 2014 – Italian firms secret Luxembourg tax deals. The localit. Finmeccanica and unicredit among 340 international companies.

12 Nov 2014 – Italian unions strike. Biggest trade union conference, against the policies of PM Matteo Renzi. Global Post.

26 Nov 2014 – Italian police bust mafia cash counterfeiters. Telegraph UK. Camorra mafia are wanted for drugs, sex slavery and dumping toxic waste.

27 Nov 2014 – Italian police arrested mafia godfather’s son mafia boss Valentino Gionta jr. Daily Mail UK. Naples, Darren Boyle.

29 Nov 2014 – Mafia boss Sabistiano Brunno to be extradited from Malta to Italy. Malta Today. Times of Malta. Sicilian mafia boss. Arrested in Malta on 20 Oct 2014

3 Dec 2014 – Former Mayor of Rome, alleged mafia links. The Guardian UK. Giani Alemanno being investigated over mafia ties, bribes, extortion, corruption, and other top Italian politicians. Reuters.

3 Dec 2014 – Michael Day. Independent UK. New mafia group sweeps across Rome, millions of Euros out of Italy’s near bankrupt capital. 

3 Dec 2014 – 1874 struggling to define the mafia. New York Times. Mark Bulik. History of Italy.

4 Dec 2014 – Roberto Saviano Italian journalist. Book Gomorrah Neopolitan mafia Reuters. .Drug cartels, Mexico learns to fight mafia, Italy.

4 Dec 2014 – Journalist known for investigating the mafia finds his dogs hung from a post. The Guardian UK. Maniaci’s place of work. Investigation of the Sicilian mafia.

5 Dec 2014 – Journalist investigating mafia. The Guardian UK. Two of his dogs were found hanging from a post and a car he owns was set alight. Pino Maniaci is a Sicilian journalist at  TV Telejato near Palermo. John Hooper in Rome. The city is awash with cocaine.

7 Dec 2014 – Rome mafia scandal. Telegraph UK. The Mafia and corrupt politicians who made millions of Euros by exploiting migrants and gypsies. Government contracts and embezzlement of funds intended for refugees.

11 Dec 2014 – Mafia case, arrested in Italy. ABC news. John Grillo was arrested at an airport in Milan before he flew to New York.

11 Dec 2014 – Rome mafia scandal. Ndrangheta in southern Italy. The Guardian UK. Arrests Camorra of Naples and Cosa Nostra of Sicily.

13 Dec 2014 – Capital mafia in Rome. France 24. Investigation into the Ndrangheta. Rome scandal. Telegraph UK. Int business Times UK. Gazzetta del sud, in English.

13 Dec 2014 – General strike in Italy. Unions protest austerity. Deutsche Welle. Two major Italian trade unions, schools, hospitals, airports, ports and transport, all on strike.

13 Dec 2014 – Interpol. Stefano Marchi 49 years old. From Genova Italy. Wanted. Born 26 Feb 1965.

13 Dec 2014 – Interpol. Adriano Giacobone 57 years old. From Tortona Alessandria Italy. Wanted.

13 Dec 2014 – Interpol. Franco Raimondi. 68 years old. From Rovingo Italy. Wanted.

13 Dec 2014 – Interpol. Massimiliano Tosori. 31 years old from Montichiari Italy. Wanted.

13 Dec 2014 – Interpol. Alessandro Buoni 37 years old from Milano Italy. In a criminal association and drug trafficking. Wanted.

13 Dec 2014 – no picture. Interpol. Ivo Croce. 59 years old from Cornale Pavia Italy. Wanted by Albania.

13 Dec 2014 – no picture. Gabriele Rubbiani 50 years old Italy. Interpol. Wanted by Argentina.

13 Dec 2014 – Italy politics. Mafia in the middle. Economist intel unit. Views wire. Organised crime in Italy.

15 Dec 2014 – Italian police seize mafia boss assets worth millions of Euros. The Independent UK. Messina Denaro aged 52 boss of bosses.

17 Dec 2014 – Mattco Messina Denaro boss of bosses with olive oil business wanted.

19 Dec 2014 – Assets worth 100 million Euros seized in big anti mafia case. Euronews. Businessman Cristiano Guarnera is one of 100 people under investigation. Dozens of people were arrested in Rome. The Daily Star.

20 Dec 2014 – NZ Herald. 100 million Euros ($125 million), in assets seized in Rome mafia probe. Construction company, apartment and a yacht, Mafia in Rome and local politicians. Cristiano Guarnera AP.

22 Dec 2014 – Fresh probe into Vito Palazzolo. Independent online. Durban. Mafia Vito Palazzolo, money laundering with links to an animal shelter.

27 Dec 2014 – The Times UK. Writing on the wall, as Mafia overruns Rome. Tom Kington.

15 Jan 2015 – Mafia cash from Italian farms. Financial Times. Italy’s mafia and the agricultural sector.

16 Jan 2015 – Italy mafia reaps profit from charity clothes. The local it. Clothes trafficking by Pietro Cozzolino, a boss from Italy’s Camorra in Naples. La Repubblica.

18 Jan 2015 – Nine suspected terrorists were expelled from Italy. Xinhua news agency. Rome Comtex. Angelino Alfano.

21 Jan 2015 – The mafia is active in Rome. Police busted a cocaine ring. ABC news. Rome, 31 people were arrested, suspected of being members of a Ndrangheta syndicate.

21 Jan 2015 – Italian police smash a mafia drug ring. Deutsche Welle. More than 30 alleged mafia were arrested.

24 Jan 2015 – Italy and antiques 5,000. 45 million Euros from a Swiss Italian trafficking ring. Care2 news.

Early Sept 2015 – The festival of the Madonna of Polsi has special symbolic significance for the Ndrangheta. In early September for centuries. (Blood brotherhoods. John Dickie. ©2011 Italy).